The forms of Speaking
importance of meaning in context and the facts about word formation and how to twist words to fit different grammatical contexts.
d. Fluency
Fluency is the ability to speak spontaneously and eloquently with no pausing and with absence of disturbing hesitation markers.
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It also refers to some aspects like responding coherently within the turns of the conversation, using linking
words and phrases, keeping in mind a comprehensible pronunciation and adequate intonation without too much hesitation. Fluency cannot be separate with
accuracy. Accuracy refers to the mastery of phonology elements, grammar and discourse. It also refers to the linguistic competence that deals with the correction
of the utterances to get a correct communication. Speaking accurately means doing without or with few errors on not only grammar but vocabulary and
pronunciation. e.
Comprehension The last speaking element is comprehension. Comprehension means the
understanding and the interpretation of what is said. Comprehension seeks students thinking ability to understand the information accurately. It is in line that
speaking can only be successful when people understand messages in the target language.
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In conclusion, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension are the
important and complementary components in the development of students‟ speaking skill. These elements support each other to gain the goal of speaking.
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H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy, Second Edition
, New York: Pearson Education, 2001, p. 268.
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Jack C. Richards and Theodore S., Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, Second Edition
, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 180.