students in topic or as the basis of a whole activity Harmer, 2001: 134. Hence, teachers should provide various aids to support the material given. Media include
printed out, audio, television, and games and computers. Thus, media are instructional tool
s that are used to capture the students‟ interest and attention and also give more impression conveying and explaining
ideas in the learning and teaching process easily.
2.2.1.2 Kinds of Media
According to Celce-Murcia 2001:462, there are two types of media, nontechnical media and technical media:
1 Nontechnical media are blackboardswhiteboards, flashcards, cartoons line drawing, Pamphlets brochures flyers, menus
equipment, operation manual puppets, newspapers magazines, etc. 2 Technical media are record player, audiotape player recorder, CD
player recorder, radio, television, video player recorder, telephone, Overhead projector, film strip film projector, computer,
etc.
Both nontechnical and technical media, they are always needed in teaching and learning process because they make the class live and the students will be
enthusiastic in learning speaking.
2.2.1.3 Advantages of Media
There are many advantages of the use of media to increase students ‟ motivation in
learning and teaching process. As Celce-Murcia 2001: 461 states
, “media help teacher to motivate students by bringing a slice of real life into the classroom and
by presenting language in its more complete communicative context.” According
to Celce-Murcia 2001: 461, there are the rational for using media in the language classroom. They are:
1 Media serve as an important motivator in the language teaching process.
2 Media create a contextualized situation within which language items are presented and practiced.
3 Media materials can lend authenticity to the classroom situation, reinforcing for students the direct relation between the language
classroom and the outside world. 4 Media provide us with a way of addressing the needs of both visual
and auditory learners. 5 By bringing media into the classroom, teachers can expose their
students to multiple input sources. Thus, while decreasing the risk of the students‟ becoming dependent on their teachers‟ dialect or
idiolect, they can also enrich their language experiences. 6 Media can help students call up existing schemata and therefore
maximize their use of prior background knowledge in the language learning process.
7 Media provide teacher with a means of presenting material in a time-
efficient and compact manner, and stimulating students‟ senses, thereby helping them to process information more readily.
Celce-Murcia, 2001: 461
Media help teachers to deliver the information from the teacher. They can provide some advantages of using media, such as engaging
the student‟s motivation, and recalling earlier learning.
2.2.2 Games as Media
