CONTENTS
3. OBSERVED POSSIBLE IMPACTS Impacts of Urbanizaion-
- Hazira landill- The land occupancy led to large scale illing loodplains to raise original ground at RL + 3.0 to + 6.0 m in Hazira and many places in city, resuling in the reducion of the loodplain area
in the downstream of Surat city. Moreover, the Hazira complex has grown by reclaiming secions of the lood plain.
- Coastal erosion-According to the work, there are two types of coasts – one where sand is deposiing and the other where the sand gets eroded. South Gujarat coast falls in the later type. According to
him, the coastal erosion rate has increased during the past decade. Though 10 m erosion is an average annual rate, the sea has encroached up to about 80 m at places in some parts of South Gujarat coast .
The idal levels are also likely to increase the City’s vulnerability to loods by raising the submergence levels.
- Rail embankments, roads , canals- cut of low and restrict water to enclosed areas and induce looding in areas that in the past did not have this problem or not to the same intensity. Flood Risk
Management Study, Centre for Social Studies. 2009.
If unchecked, unregulated urbanizaion and human induced topographic changes is expected to lead to larger losses due to looding in the future. Topographic assessment and modeling of lood prone areas will
reveal the most vulnerable zones and is of utmost priority in the development agenda. It is imperaive to formulate an understanding of the terrain and hydrological context in order to develop the city. In order
to miigate the impacts of loods, it is necessary that the urban planning and infrastructure development is informed by knowledge of the terrain, hydrology, as well as climate change impacts. Moreover, future
urbanizaion, especially industrializaion in Hazira needs to be informed by the lood risk studies to allow the natural drainage patern to funcion.
Impacts of Poverty, informal setlements-
The informal setlements have mostly migrant populaion who are unable to aford formal housing. As per 2001 Census, about 20 of the Surat’s populaion 0.49 million lived in slums. Many of these slums are
located along the idal creeks, along the river, between the embankments and other drainage channels. These slums face higher risk of looding pluvial, luvial and idal. Having recognized this, eforts to relocate
the slums were iniiated by the government under various schemes mainly during the last decade under various naional projects including JNNURM and more than 22,000 permanent houses at safer locaion were
provided to the slum dwellers. However, with migrants coming to the city every day for work opportuniies, the regulatory framework needs to ensure that lood prone areas are not encroached.
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Desai et al. 2008 of Department of Geography, M.S. University, Baroda
IMPACT
I PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL I SOCIAL I ECONOMIC
CHANGE ASSESSMENT
STRATEGY
WATER-
Water supply. SanitaionWaste water. Flood Management I LANDUSE PLANNING I WASTE I COMMUNICATION
1. When Why? History of looding in surat and the reasons 2. Types of loods- loods due to the Ukai dam the Khadi Floods
3. Impact of Urbanizaion, Poverty, Climate change- Observed Projected 4. Public percepions
5. Reported Losses
Flood map 2006
lood prone
CONTENTS
IMPACT
I PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL I SOCIAL I ECONOMIC
CHANGE ASSESSMENT
STRATEGY
WATER-
Water supply. SanitaionWaste water. Flood Management I LANDUSE PLANNING I WASTE I COMMUNICATION
1. When Why? History of looding in surat and the reasons 2. Types of loods- loods due to the Ukai dam the Khadi Floods
3. Impact of Urbanizaion, Poverty, Climate change- Observed Projected 4. Public percepions
5. Reported Losses
3. OBSERVED POSSIBLE IMPACTS Impact of Climate Change
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