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Peoples with Wernicke’s aphasia speech appear superficially similar to patient with schizophrenia. Kuperberg and Caplan 2003:446 said that the speech
of some schizophrenic patients appears, at least superficially, similar to Wernicke’s aphasia. Lecours and Vanier Clement 1976 claim that Aphasia-like
symptoms are “episodically observed in only a small portion of subjects considered to be schizophrenics”, whereas the aphasia produced by stroke or brain
injury is in most cases constantly present. And patients with aphasia have normal thoughts and express them with difficulty; those with schizophrenia have unusual
thoughts or disorganized discourse plans and express them with comparative ease Covington et al., 2005: 87.
2.1.2 Psycholinguistics
The research on schizophrenia is traditionally seen as something belonging to psychology, while study of language belongs to linguistics. So, this study of
language disorder in schizophrenia belongs to both psychology and linguistics or psycholinguistics.
Linguistics is the study of human language. The primary object is human language signifying that language is human specific and human species. It is only
human that uses language as a means of communication. In its development, linguistics consists of two branches; micro linguistics and macro linguistics. The
former, micro linguistics, focuses on the structure of language e.g., phonology, morphology, syntax, semantic, and pragmatic. The later, macro linguistics,
focuses on the relation of language with other studies e.g., sociology, psychology,
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neurology, etc. From this combination of studies some new inter-discipliners are appeared, such as sociolinguistics; studies the relation between language and
society i.e. how social factors influence the structure and use of language, Neuroliguistics is the study of language processing and language representation in
the brain, and psycholinguistics, or the psychology of language. It is a branch of linguistics which concerns with discovering the psychology process by which
human acquire and use language. Psycholinguists focus on three aspects of language competence;
acquisition, comprehension, and production. Language acquisition is the process by which human acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as
well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate. The term language acquisition also refers to language learning, in the babyhood or later.
Language comprehension is the ability to extract intended meanings from language. Language production is the ability to speak or write fluently.
Scovel 1998: 4 defined psycholinguistics as the study of the normal and abnormal use of language and speech to gain a better understanding of how
human mind functions. In his book psycholinguistics 1998 he examined research questions on psycholinguistics in four sub-fields: 1 how are language and speech
acquired? 2 How are language and speech produced? 3 How are language and speech comprehended? And finally, 4 how are language and speech lost?
Chaer 2009: 6 said that practically psycholinguistics tries to applied linguistics and psychology science into the problems such as language acquisition
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and language learning, early reading and advance reading learning, bilingual and multilingual, language and speech disorder such as aphasia, stuttering, etc; as well
as other social problems which related to language, such as language and education and developing nations.
From some definitions above, it can be concluded that psycholinguistics is a relatively new subject of linguistics due to the fact that it involves not only
language study but pscychological aspects as well. Study of the mental processes involved in the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language.
Traditional areas of research include language production, language comprehension, language acquisition, and language disorders.
2.2 Description and Classification of Language Disorders
