CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
After finishing the whole steps of this study, the writer draws the conclusion referring to the result of the study. After that, related to the conclusion,
the writer gives suggestion.
A. Conclusion
After conducting CAR at 8-2 class of SMP Negeri 2 Kota Tangerang Selatan academic year 20102011, it can be concluded that mind-mapping
technique can improve the students’ ability in writing recount text. It can be proved from the following facts.
First, related to the students’ achievement, there were 72.5 students who passed the KKM 70 with the improvement of students’ mean score from
pretest to the posttest of the second cycle was 31.73. In the pretest, there were only 3 students who passed the KKM. Meanwhile, in the posttest of
cycle one there were 13 students who passed the KKM or 32.5. Next, in the result of posttest in the cycle 2, there are 29 students or 72.5 students who
passed the KKM in which their mean score of writing test derived 70.77, so it achieved the criteria of success. The last, the result of interview with the
English teacher showed that the teacher gave positive responses to the implementation of mind-mapping technique in teaching writing since it could
be an alternative technique to be used in teaching writing. In conclusion, this study was successful in developing the students’
ability in writing recount text by using mind-mapping technique. In addition, the students were more active and participated in the teaching-learning process
of writing. Therefore, mind-mapping technique can be an alternative technique for teacher in teaching writing especially in writing recount text.
B. Suggestion
After conducting the study, the writer suggests that the teacher should deliver materials clearly and she also should pay attention to the students’
activity during the teaching learning process. The teacher should give more time in writing lesson. In addition, the teacher should be more creative in
providing the topic which can motivate students to write. Moreover, mind- mapping technique can be implemented in writing activity, especially to
develop students’ ability in writing recount text. The writer hopes that there will be any further research of it.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Appendix 1
STANDAR KOMPETENSI DAN KOMPETENSI DASAR BAHASA INGGRIS MENULIS
KELAS VIII SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA SEMESTER GENAP
STANDAR KOMPETENSI KOMPETENSI DASAR
MENULIS
12. Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks tulis fungsional dan esei pendek
sederhana berbentuk
recount dan
narrative untuk berinteraksi dengan ingkungan sekitar.
12.1 Mengungkapan makna dalam bentuk teks tulis fungsional pendek
sederhana dengan menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan
berterima untuk berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar.
12.2 Mengungkapkan
makna dan
langkah retorika dalam esei pendek sederhana dengan menggunakan ragam
bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima untuk berinteraksi dengan
lingkungan sekitar berbentuk recount dan narrative.
Appendix 2
Students’ Writing Score of Pre-test
No. Students’ Name
1 2
3 4
5 Score
1 Student 1
13 13
13 15
12 66
2 Student 2
12 12
10 12
11 57
3 Student 3
12 12
11 12
11 58
4 Student 4
14 14
13 15
14 70
5 Student 5
15 12
11 13
14 65
6 Student 6
12 12
10 16
13 63
7 Student 7
16 15
13 16
14 74
8 Student 8
8 10
7 12
10 47
9 Student 9
12 10
10 9
9 50
10 Student 10
12 10
9 9
9 49
11 Student 11
10 10
10 9
9 48
12 Student 12
13 12
9 10
9 53
13 Student 13
13 10
8 11
9 51
14 Student 14
10 9
10 12
8 49
15 Student 15
10 10
11 10
10 51
16 Student 16
15 15
13 12
15 70
17 Student 17
5 4
8 8
7 32
18 Student 18
15 15
12 11
12 65
19 Student 19
15 14
12 14
13 68
20 Student 20
14 12
11 10
10 57
21 Student 21
10 9
11 10
8 48
22 Student 22
10 10
8 11
9 48
23 Student 23
11 10
13 13
12 59
24 Student 24
13 11
9 12
12 56
25 Student 25
12 10
8 9
8 47
26 Student 26
12 12
11 12
11 58
27 Student 27
12 12
9 9
10 52
28 Student 28
14 14
12 11
12 63
29 Student 29
11 10
8 8
8 45
30 Student 30
11 10
10 9
9 49
31 Student 31
12 11
9 9
9 50
32 Student 32
10 7
7 7
5 36
33 Student 33
10 9
8 9
9 45
34 Student 34
11 10
8 9
8 46
35 Student 35
7 7
6 6
6 32
36 Student 36
12 10
9 9
11 51
37 Student 37
12 11
10 12
10 55
38 Student 38
15 14
12 14
13 68
39 Student 39
7 6
7 6
7 33
40 Student 40
15 13
12 14
13 67
TOTAL 2149
: The student who passed the KKM 70 The scores are processed from students’ answer sheets
1 = Organization: Introduction, Body Conclusion 2 = Logical Development of ideas: Content
3 = Grammar 4 =
Punctuation, Spelling, Mechanics 5 = Style Quality of Expression
Appendix 3
Students’ Writing Score of Post-test 1 No.
Students’ Name 1
2 3
4 5
Score
1 Student 1
15 14
13 14
13 69
2 Student 2
14 13
11 12
11 61
3 Student 3
14 14
11 11
14 64
4 Student 4
17 16
15 16
17 81
5 Student 5
15 13
13 14
12 67
6 Student 6
15 14
14 16
14
73
7 Student 7
17 15
14 17
15
78
8 Student 8
12 11
10 11
10 54
9 Student 9
13 12
10 11
10 56
10 Student 10
11 11
10 11
10 53
11 Student 11
15 13
13 13
14 68
12 Student 12
15 14
13 13
13 68
13 Student 13
15 15
14 15
14 73
14 Student 14
15 15
14 13
14 71
15 Student 15
14 12
12 11
12 61
16 Student 16
16 16
16 15
16
79
17 Student 17
14 14
14 15
13 70
18 Student 18
13 13
12 13
13 64
19 Student 19
14 15
14 14
14 71
20 Student 20
15 13
13 15
13 69
21 Student 21
7 6
7 7
6 33
22 Student 22
7 6
7 7
6 33
23 Student 23
15 15
14 14
14 72
24 Student 24
12 11
11 12
10 56
25 Student 25
11 10
10 12
10 53
26 Student 26
14 13
13 12
12 64
27 Student 27
12 11
10 11
10 54
28 Student 28
15 15
14 15
14 73
29 Student 29
12 12
10 13
11 58
30 Student 30
15 13
13 12
12 65
31 Student 31
13 11
10 12
10 56
32 Student 32
14 15
13 14
13 69
33 Student 33
13 13
12 13
12 63
34 Student 34
15 14
12 14
12 67
35 Student 35
12 13
11 11
12 59
36 Student 36
14 14
12 13
12 65
37 Student 37
15 14
14 14
13 70
38 Student 38
11 11
10 11
10 53
39 Student 39
15 14
13 14
14 70
40 Student 40
15 14
14 14
13 70
TOTAL 2553
: The student who passed the KKM 70 The scores are processed from students’ answer sheets
1 = Organization: Introduction, Body Conclusion 2 = Logical Development of ideas: Content
3 = Grammar 4 =
Punctuation, Spelling, Mechanics 5 = Style Quality of Expression
Appendix 4
Students’ Writing Score of Posttest 2 No.
Students’ Name 1
2 3
4 5
Score
1 Student 1
17 15
14 15
14
75
2 Student 2
14 13
12 12
12 63
3 Student 3
15 15
14 15
14 73
4 Student 4
17 17
16 16
16 82
5 Student 5
15 14
13 13
13 68
6 Student 6
16 16
15 15
14
76
7 Student 7
16 15
15 15
14
75
8 Student 8
13 12
11 11
10 57
9 Student 9
14 12 11
12 11
60 10
Student 10 15
14 14
15 13
71
11 Student 11
15 14
14 15
13 71
12 Student 12
16 15
14 15
14
74
13 Student 13
15 14
13 15
13 70
14 Student 14
16 15
13 15
14 73
15 Student 15
15 13
13 12
13 66
16 Student 16
16 17
16 16
16
81
17 Student 17
16 16
15 15
14
76
18 Student 18
16 15
14 15
14
74
19 Student 19
15 15
14 14
14 72
20 Student 20
15 14
13 15
13 70
21 Student 21
16 15
14 15
14 74
22 Student 22
16 15
14 15
14
74
23 Student 23
16 15
13 15
14 73
24 Student 24
15 13
13 14
13 68
25 Student 25
15 14
13 15
13 70
26 Student 26
16 15
14 15
15 75
27 Student 27
14 13
12 14
12 65
28 Student 28
15 15
14 15
14 73
29 Student 29
14 13
11 14
12 64
30 Student 30
15 15
14 15
14
73
31 Student 31
14 13
12 14
13 66
32 Student 32
15 14
13 15
13 70
33 Student 33
15 14
13 15
13 70
34 Student 34
16 15
14 15
14
74
35 Student 35
14 13
12 14
12 65
36 Student 36
14 13
12 14
11 64
37 Student 37
15 14
13 15
13 70
38 Student 38
15 15
14 15
13 72
39 Student 39
15 14
13 15
13 70
40 Student 40
16 15
14 15
14
74 TOTAL
2831 : The student who passed the KKM 70
The scores are processed from students’ answer sheets
1 = Organization: Introduction, Body Conclusion 2 = Logical Development of ideas: Content
3 = Grammar 4 =
Punctuation, Spelling, Mechanics 5 = Style Quality of Expression
Appendix 5
Table 4.1 Students’ Writing Score of Pretest, Posttest 1, and Posttest 2
NO. STUDENTS’ NAME
PRETEST CYCLE 1
POSTTEST CYCLE 2
POSTTEST
1 Student 1
66 69
75 2
Student 2 55
61 63
3 Student 3
58 64
73 4
Student 4 70
81 82
5 Student 5
65 67
68 6
Student 6 63
73 76
7 Student 7
74 78
75 8
Student 8 47
54 57
9 Student 9
50 56
60 10
Student 10 49
53 71
11 Student 11
48 68
71 12
Student 12 53
68 74
13 Student 13
51 73
75 14
Student 14 49
71 73
15 Student 15
51 61
66 16
Student 16 70
79 81
17 Student 17
32 70
76 18
Student 18 65
64 74
19 Student 19
68 71
72 20
Student 20 57
69 70
21 Student 21
48 33
74 22
Student 22 48
33 74
23 Student 23
59 72
73 24
Student 24 56
56 68
25 Student 25
47 53
70 26
Student 26 58
64 75
27 Student 27
52 54
65 28
Student 28 63
73 73
29 Student 29
45 58
64 30
Student 30 49
65 73
31 Student 31
50 56
66 32
Student 32 36
69 70
33 Student 33
45 63
70 34
Student 34 46
67 74
35 Student 35
32 59
65 36
Student 36 51
65 64
37 Student 37
55 70
70 38
Student 38 68
53 72
39 Student 39
33 70
70 40
Student 40 67
70 74
TOTAL
2149 2553
2831
MEAN 53.72
63.82 70.77
: The student who passed the KKM 70 The scores are processed from students’ answer sheets
Appendix 6
Diagram of Students’ Writing Scores Improvement
10 20
30 40
50 60
70 80
90
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13 14
15 16
17 18
19 20
21 22
23 24
25 26
27 28
29 30
31 32
33 34
35 36
37 38
39 40
Pretest Posttest 1
Posttest 2
Appendix 7
Observational Notes for Need Analysis
79
Action : Pre-observation Date : February, 7
th
and 9
th
2011 Time : 08.20 A.M – 09.40 A.M and 11.30 A.M – 12.50 P.M
Topic : The Schematic Structure of Biographical Recount Text
What learners do What this
involves Teacher’s
purpose
Comment
Listening to the
teacher’s explanation
about the schematic
structure and linguistic
features of recount text
Reading the text
together
Reading the text orally one by
one in front of the class
Discussing
about the text with the teacher
Writing a
recount text
Students’ are involved into
individual work
Students read a biographical
recount text with the title Thomas
Alva Edison. The teacher
explained the schematic
structure of recount text and
linguistic features and asked students
to write a recount text.
Most of students
didn’t pay attention to the
teacher’s explanation
Students are
looked boring.
Most of students didn’t do the
writing well
Students are rarely active
because they didn’t have
opportunity to participate in the
classroom
The teacher
mostly liked to dominate the
classroom.
79
Penny Ur, A Course in Language Teaching; Practice and Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996, p. 323
Appendix 8
Observational Notes for Need Analysis
Action : First Meeting of Cycle 1 Date : February, 14
th
2011 Time : 08.20 A.M – 09.40 A.M
Topic : The Schematic Structure of Personal Recount Text
What learners do What this
involves Teacher’s
purpose
Comment
Listening to the
teacher’s explanation about
the schematic structure and
linguistic features of personal
recount text
Reading the text
together
Discussing about the text with the
teacher
Listening to the teacher’s
explanation about mind-mapping.
Making mind-
maps with the theme My
Holiday
Students’ are involved into
individual work
Students read a Personal recount
text with the title My Summer
Holiday. The teacher
explained the schematic
structure of recount text,
linguistic features, the concept of
mind-mapping and asked students to
make mind-maps.
Most of students didn’t pay attention
to the teacher’s explanation
Students are looked
boring and made scratch on their
books.
Students are rarely active because they
didn’t have opportunity to
participate in the classroom
The teacher mostly
liked to dominate the classroom and
teacher’s voice was too low.
The explanation was
too fast.
Some students were confused in making
mind-maps.
The teacher only paid attention to the
front rows students.
Observational Notes for Need Analysis
Action : Second Meeting of Cycle 1 Date : February, 16
th
2011 Time : 11.30 A.M – 12.50 P.M
Topic : Making Personal Recount Text
What learners do What this
involves Teacher’s
purpose
Comment
Listening to the
teacher’s explanation about
how to make sentences based
on the keywords and images they
have made.
Making a
personal recount text
Some students
read their composition in
front of the class.
Students’ are involved into
individual work
Students made a Personal recount
text with the theme My
Holiday. The teacher
explained how to make sentences
based on the keywords and
images and asked students to write
personal recount.
Most of students looked more
enthusiastic in making
composition.
Some students
yelled “Ah, bingung Bu” Mom, I’,
confused
Two students in the last rows were
talking all the time during the class and
couldn’t finish the task well.
Some students were
too busy in borrowing the
dictionary and made the class was very
noisy.
Appendix 9
Observational Notes for Need Analysis
Action : First Meeting of Cycle 2 Date : February, 21
st
2011 Time : 08.20 A.M – 09.40 A.M
Topic : The Schematic Structure of Procedural Recount Text
What learners do What this
involves Teacher’s
purpose
Comment
Listening to the
teacher’s explanation about
the schematic structure and
linguistic features of procedural
recount text
Reading the text
together
Discussing about the text with the
teacher
Listening to the teacher’s
explanation about mind-mapping.
Making mind-
maps with the theme My
Favourite Recipe
Students’ are involved into
individual work
Students read a procedural
recount text with the title Making
Spaghetti. The teacher
explained the schematic
structure of procedural recount
text, linguistic features, the
concept of mind- mapping and
asked students to make mind-maps.
The teacher’s voice
was louder than the previous meeting
Only several
students on the last rows who didn’t pay
attention to the teachers’
explanation.
The teacher tried to
attract students’ attention by telling
her experience in making her
favourite food.
The class was not as
noisy as the previous meeting.
Students’ were quite
active.
Some students were still confused in
making mind-maps.
The teacher went around the class and
helped students when they had
problems.
Observational Notes for Need Analysis
Action : Second Meeting of Cycle 2 Date : February, 23
rd
2011 Time : 11.30 A.M – 12.50 P.M
Topic : Making Procedural Recount Text
What learners do What this
involves Teacher’s
purpose
Comment
Listening to the
teacher’s explanation about
how to make sentences based
on the keywords and images they
have made.
Making a
procedural recount text
Some students
read their composition in
front of the class.
Students’ are involved into
individual work
Students made a procedural
recount text with the theme My
Favourite Recipe.
The teacher explained how to
make sentences based on the
keywords and images and asked
students to write procedural
recount.
Most of students looked more
enthusiastic in making
composition.
Some students asked
some vocabularies to the teacher.
Students were busy
in making composition but the
class was under control.
Some boys looked
confused but the teacher came to help
them.
Most students brought their own
dictionary.
Appendix 10
Interview Guideline for the Need Analysis Before CAR Wednesday, 9
th
of February 2011
W : The Writer
T : The Teacher
A. Kategori kondisi umum kelas
W : Bagaimana tanggapan siswa ibu dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar
KBM selama ini?
T : Rata-rata mereka bilang agak sulit ya. Ada sebagian sih yang senang dan
aktif kalau belajar, ya biasanya sih yang seperti itu yang ikut les di luar sekolah ya, Ki. Ya terus kadang mereka juga bilang waktunya kurang, kan
di sini satu jam pelajaran itu cuma 40 menit, jadi ya gitu kadang karena waktunya kurang jadi mereka dapat PR. Nah, mereka kadang malas kalau
sampe dapat PR. Kadang mungkin mereka ngerasa bosen ya, Ki, belajar di kelas melulu. Soalnya kan Laboratorium kita masih di renovasi jadi ya
belum bisa dipakai. Jadi ya kadang-kadang saya ajak anak-anak belajar di perpustakaan aja supaya mereka dapat suasana lain.
W : Berapa nilai KKM untuk pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di sekolah ini, Bu?
T : Dari pihak sekolah sih enam puluh sembilan 69 . Tapi ya saya biasanya
menganggap siswa itu nilainya tuntas kalau nilainya udah tujuh puluh 70. Soalnya kan tanggung ya, Ki, cuma selisih satu. Kan kalau masih
dapat angka kepala enam tuh rasanya masih jelek gitu.
W : Apakah selama ini nilai KKM tersebut tercapai oleh semua siswa?
T : Ya gak lah. Biasanya, misalnya nilai Mid Semester, paling setengahnya
aja yang bisa tuntas. Tapi biasanya ya ada remedial test. Jadi, ya sekitar tujuh puluh persen-an lah yang tuntas.
W : Ibu mengajar berapa kelas di sekolah ini?
T : Saya mengajar empat kelas, semuanya kelas delapan.
W : Dari empat kelas itu, kelas mana yang nilai rata-ratanya paling rendah?
T: : Wah, rata-rata sih nilai mereka standar ya. Soalnya kan kita gak ada kelas
unggulan gitu, ya di tiap kelas itu ada yang bisa ada yang gak bisa jadi ya nilai rata-ratanya hampir sama. Tapi yang paling rendah itu kelas 8.2. jadi
ya kalau saran saya sih penelitian di kelas itu aja, soalnya ya kelas itu yang paling punya masalah.
W : Masalah paling besar ada di skill apa Bu?
T : Sebenarnya ada dua ya, yang pertama writing, yang kedua itu listening.
Kalau listening mungkin kalau laboratorium bahasa sudah jadi akan bisa diatasi ya. Nah, writing ini yang agak sulit.
B. Kategori kesulitan siswa dalam writing dan jenis teks yang dipelajari
W : Apa kesulitan yang siswa hadapi dalam skill writing ?
T : Yang pasti sih mereka kurang vocabulary-nya, terus ya dari segi
grammar juga tuh bermasalah, misalnya ya kalau di-recount kan kita harus pakai bentuk lampau, tapi mereka gak pakai. Kalau di narrative kan
mereka lebih gampang ya soalnya gak harus pake bentuk lampau. Terus ya paling karangan mereka kadang gak nyambung, ya kadang bingung juga
ya bacanya, maksudnya apa sih anak ini. guru tertawa Jadi ya gitu, kadang susah kasih nilainya.
W : Di semester genap ini, jenis teks apa yang harus siswa kuasai?
T : Sebenarnya sama ya kayak di semester ganjil, narrative sama recount.
Tapi ya, di teks recount itu mereka punya kesulitan, ya anak-anak kan gampang lupa ya. Sekarang sih sedang belajar biographical recount ya,
jadi yang personal sama yang procedural belum.
W : Dari mana ibu mendapatkan sumber teks yang ibu ajarkan?
T : Ya dari buku paket aja, saya sih pakai beberapa buku ya, ada English On
Sky, terus buku-buku yang dari Diknas, LKS, ya kadang sih dari internet juga.
C. Kategori strategi pengajaran writing skill
W : Teknik apa saja yang pernah ibu terapkan dalam pengajaran writing
kelas? T
: Ya saya ngasih latihan nulis sesuai sama yang di buku aja ya, paling kan latihannya itu nyusun cerita, completing the story, free-writing yang paling
sering, anak-anak langsung aja nulis sesuai topiknya, ya paling itu sih.
W : Apa ibu memiliki strategi lain untuk mengatasi masalah writing di kelas?
T : Hmm.. sampai sekarang sih belum menemukan teknik yang pas ya untuk
writing. Tapi, saya pernah denger ya ada teknik Mind-mapping. Ya saya sih belum pernah mencoba teknik itu, tapi saya mau coba. Kan tekniknya
menarik tuh, pakai warna, gambar juga. Jadi ya mudah-mudahan lah bisa meningkatkan nilai writing anak.
Cireundeu 9 Februari 2011 Guru Mata Pelajaran
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