Objectives of the Study Definition of Terms

esp. communism, caste, economic, and religion in India as one country in South Asia Estisari: 2006. Some articles also discussed The Holy Woman as the winner of Jubilee Award in 2002. Muneeza, stated that in The Holy Woman, Qaisra Shahraz describes changing realities and fighting between modernity and tradition in a feudal family. Furthermore, The Holy Woman has many vivid descriptions of palatial family, dusty villages, rural customs and westernized urban sophistication which show many beautiful and colorful and contrasting images of Pakistan. In addition, in the same web, it is said that The Holy Woman also illustrates clearly how easily women are morally blackmailed. In The Holy Woman, Qaisra also satirises social customs which were used to positioning women on a disadvantageous place and bringing out aspersions on their chastity www.newsline.com10knewsdec2001book.htm. As well as her novel, Qaisra Shahraz was also discussed since she wrote a great book in the beginning of her career. In writing this novel, Qaisra Shahraz, who is living in Britain, needed 3 years. When she came to Ubud, Bali, Indonesia, she said that in this novel she wanted to show how people in Pakistan did Islamic law strictly. However, in this novel she also wanted the world to see that even a woman should do what their father asked; it would take her closer to God, not to a tragedy www.suaramerdeka.comharian061010bud02htm. Femina, a magazine in Indonesia also reported Qaisra’s visit to Ubud, Bali Indonesia. In this magazine Qaisra said that today the Holy Woman tradition is not applied anymore, however, women in Pakistan still cannot be free from PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI patriarchal system in Pakistan. Qaisra also affirmed that through this book she wanted the world to know that Islam did not play any roles in the realisation of the Holy Woman tradition. The one who should be blamed for women miseries were men and tradition in Pakistan. They seized women’s rights and freedom Femina, 2006:25. Those studies verify that The Holy Woman, which was translated into several languages, presents a portrait of society in Pakistan. However, this study is different from them. This thesis will discuss the social criticism presented by characters. Since setting used in this novel is Pakistan, this thesis is going to discuss social criticism of Pakistani society. In addition, this thesis will not only present women’s life but also the religion, tradition, marriage system, feudalism and other institutions of society in Pakistan so that detail description of Pakistani society can be obtained. Furthermore, this thesis is also aimed at proving that this novel does not merely present a vivid depiction of Pakistani society but also criticism toward society in Pakistan.

B. Review of Related Theories 1. Theory on Character

Grenville in her book, The Writing; A Worbook for Fiction Writer, wrote that characters are people in fiction and reader can find them very life like. This theory is reinforced by Robert Jacob who affirmed that character in literature is a representation of human being through words. Character in literature generally and in fiction specifically, is an extended verbal representation of a human being, the inner self that determines thought, speech and behavior Robert and Jacob, 1987: 143. Stanton in his book wrote that character can be a representation of an individual in a story or can be a unification of inner and outer principles which shape that individual. Character commonly used in two ways that are it designates the individual who appear in the story; and it refers to the mixture of interest, desires, emotions and moral principles that makes up each of these individuals Stanton, 1965:17. It is held up by Forster who wrote that in daily life it is difficult to understand people but in fiction it is not, if the novelist wishes, their inner as well as their outer life can be expressed Forster, 1974:32. Furthermore, character in a novel can be divided into two, round character and flat character. Round character is usually acknowledged as major character that undergoes a change of some sorts, while flat character is usually minor character. Minor character is usually undistinguishable from other persons in a particular group or class 1987: 144. Different from Robert and Jacob, Klarer offered different term for round character or major character. In his book, Klarer presented individualistic character as another term of round character or major character. Individualistic character, based on him, denotes a persona with more complex and differentiated features. Boulton gave opinion which is nearly the same as Robert and Jacob on round or major character though she also offered her view in different name. According to Boulton, great character is a complex human being and come to life