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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
182
182
I
dengan, th = tebal head in
Pd =Tekanan desain Psia = 71,912
Psia Di =Inside diameter of reactor in= 245,858
in f = Allowable stress Psi
= 18750 Psi
E = welded joint efficiency = 0,850 single welded butt joint
c = corrosion allowance in = 0,125
in V = 162+k
2
k = ab a = jari - jari dalam = Di2
b = kedalaman dish Dipilih a = 2b, sehingga k = ab = 2
V = 162+k
2
= 1
th =
0,680 in
dipakai tebal standar = 0,750 in = 0,019 m = 19,050 mm
OD head = ID + 2.th
= 247,358 in
= 6,283 m
= 6282,914 mm
e. Tinggi reaktor
Dari tabel 5-11 Brownell untuk ts = 0,750 in diperoleh
sf = 2,438 - 4,5
in
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
183
183
I
dipilih sf =
4 in
OD = 247,358 in = 6,283 m ID =
245,858 in = 6,245 m a = ID2 = 122,929 in = 3,122 m
b =ID4 = 61,465 in = 1,561 m tinggi head = OA = Th + Sf + b = 0,750 + 4 + 61,465 in
tinggi head = 66,215 in = 1,682 m Tinggi reaktor = Tinggi silinder + 2 tinggi head
= 11,336 m + 1,682 m = 14,7 m
= 578,740 in = 48,228 ft
8. Perancangan Coil Pendingin a. Kebutuhan air pendingin
Kondisi operasi isotermal Jumlah panas yang diserap berdasarkan perhitungan Neraca Panas
Q = 1.892.739,538 kJoulejam
T operasi = 40
o
C = 313,15
o
K = 104
o
F
b s f
a t
I D O D
O A
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
184
184
I
Pendingin = air
Suhu masuk t
1
= 30
o
C = 303,15
o
K = 86
o
F Suhu keluar t
2
= 35
o
C = 308,15
o
K = 95
o
F Sifat fisis air pada suhu rata-rata 42,5
o
C Cp air
= 75,337 Btulbm.F = 4,181 kJkg. K Jumlah air yang dibutuhkan
M air =
1 2
t t
. Cp
Q
=
K 15
, 301
15 ,
318 .
K kJkmol.
4,181 jam
kJ 538
1.892.739,
= 110.075,799 kgjam = 30,557
kgs Volume pendingin yang diperlukan
= 107,857 m
3
jam = 0,030 m
3
s
b. Δt Log Mean Temperature Difference LMTD
= 12,984 F
c. Pipa koil pendingin
Ukuran pipa koil : 1,5 – 2,5 in
Perry, 1999 , hal 11.20 Dipilih IPS
= 2,5 in Spesifikasi pipa koil :
Kern, 1983, hal 844 Diameter pipa luar OD
= 2,88 in = 0,073 m = 0,24 ft
2 1
2 1
t T
t T
Ln t
T t
T T
LMTD
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
185
185
I
Schedule Number SN = 40
Diameter dalam ID = 2,469 in = 0,063 m = 0,2058 ft
Flow area per pipe ao = 4,79 in
2
= 0,003 m
2
Surface area per linier ft Ao = 0,753 ft
2
ft = 0,230 m
2
m Susunan koil
: helix Diameter helix D
h
= 0,7 – 0,8 ID
Reaktor
Rase, 1977, hal 361 Dipilih D
h
= 0,75 IDr ID
r
= 6,245 m D
h
= 4,684 m = 15,366 ft Jarak antar lilitan l
= 1 – 1,5 OD Perry, 1999
Dipilih l,5 = 1,5 x OD
1,5 = 0,110 m
d. Koefisien transfer panas dalam koil
