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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
179
179
I
h
L
= tinggi cairan = 10,3068 m
3. Residual Gas Pressure Drop
Pressure drop akibat pembentukan gelembung gas. Treybal, 1981, hal 172
σL = 0,53 Nm
g = 9,8 ms
h
R
= 0,195 m
Total Pressure Drop Pt
ht = h
D
+ h
L
+ h
R
= 10,502 m Pt = ht
L
g = 1,4484 atm
7. Dimensi Reaktor a. Tipe
Jenis reaktor = Tangki tertutup, silinder tegak
Alasan pemilihan = Process vessel, menjaga tekanan P1 atm dan suhu tetap
Head = Flanged dished head torisperical
Alasan pemilihan = Cocok untuk tekanan antara 15 - 200 Psig
b. Kondisi operasi
T operasi =
40 C = 313,15 K
P operasi = 3 atm = 44,09 psia
.g .d
ρ 6.
σ h
o L
L R
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
180
180
I
ΔP total = 1,4484 atm = 21,29 psia Over desain
= 10
P perancangan = 4,893 atm = 71,91 psia
c. Pemilihan material konstruksi
Material = low-alloy stell SA-204 Grade C
Alasan pemilihan = 1. Tahan korosi, tahan panas dan tahan asam
2. Tekanan operasi moderat 3. Suhu operasi 900 F
4. Untuk dinding reaktor yang tebal Hal. 253 Brownell, 1959
Spesifikasi = Tensile strength
= 75000 Psi Allowable stress f = 18750 Psi
Corrosion allowance = 0,125 Tabel 13.1 Brownell, 1959
d. Tebal shell
dengan ts
= Tebal shell, in Pd
= Tekanan desain, psia ri
= Jari-jari dalam reaktor, in f
= Allowable stress, psi c
= Corrosion allowance, in E
= 85 single welded butt joint Brownell, 1959
c 0.6P
f.E .ri
P ts
d d
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
181
181
I
Sehingga 5
0,12 71,91
x 0,6
0.85 x
18750 122,929
x 37,98
ts
= 0,681 in dipakai tebal shell standar
= 0,750 in = 0,019 m
e. Tinggi shell
Tinggi reaktor = 10,307 m = 405,059 in
Diameter reaktor = 6,245 m = 245,858 in
Volume reaktor = 315,525 m
3
= 11.142,612 ft
3
Over desain = 10
Volume perancangan = 1+0,1 315,525 m
3
= 347,078 m
3
= 12.256,873ft
3
= 2.183,054 bbl Volume reaktor Vt = Volume shell + 2Volume Head
Vt =
14. Л.Di
2
.H + 2.0,000076.Di
3
= 11,336 m = 446,311 in
f. Dimensi head
OD shell = ID shell + 2ts
= 245,858 + 2. 0,681 = 247,358 in
= 6,283 m = 6282,914
mm Rumus tebal head untuk Flanged dished head :
Di2 3.14
0.25 Vh
2 -
Vt H
c 0.2P
2.f.E .v
.r P
th
d c
d
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Prarancangan Pabrik Sodium Bicarbonat dari Sodium Carbonat dan CO
2
K apasit as 100.000 t on t ahun
PENDAHU LU AN
182
182
I
dengan, th = tebal head in
Pd =Tekanan desain Psia = 71,912
Psia Di =Inside diameter of reactor in= 245,858
in f = Allowable stress Psi
= 18750 Psi
E = welded joint efficiency = 0,850 single welded butt joint
c = corrosion allowance in = 0,125
in V = 162+k
2
k = ab a = jari - jari dalam = Di2
b = kedalaman dish Dipilih a = 2b, sehingga k = ab = 2
V = 162+k
2
= 1
th =
0,680 in
dipakai tebal standar = 0,750 in = 0,019 m = 19,050 mm
OD head = ID + 2.th
= 247,358 in
= 6,283 m
= 6282,914 mm
e. Tinggi reaktor
