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This research also employed document analysis. Document analysis is one of the methods that used for observing human behavior and features of the
environment in which the behavior occurs. The documents could be in the form of written documents, visual media, audio media, and combination media.
Meanwhile, observation provides an additional source of data for verifying the information obtained by other instruments Gall, Gall Borg, 2007, p.276. On
the other hands, the aim of interview is to explore more source of data that could be useful for the data gathering Best, 1970,p.186. Therefore, this study used four
instruments; they were observation notes, documents, questionnaire sheets, and interview transcripts.
In addition, to analyze the data from the instruments, the researcher used both qualitative method and quantitative method. According to Best 1983,
p.156, qualitative methods are those in which description of observations are not ordinarily expressed in quantitative terms. Qualitative methods usually describe
the data in words instead of numbers or measures, whereas quantitative methods are the opposite. Qualitative and quantitative methods support each other to
understand many factors in the research. Therefore, the data obtained presented in the form of verbal statement and the numbers.
B. Research Setting
The researcher took Basic Reading I on Thursday class at 7 a.m. It was the D class. The research conducted in August 18
th
2011 until December 8
th
2011. During that time, the researcher conducted observation, document analysis,
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questionnaires, and interview. The observations were conducted three times; at the beginning, the middle, and the last meeting of course. The observation was
conducted on August 18
th
2011, October 13
th
2011, and December 8
th
2011. After conducting observation and document analysis, the researcher distributed the
questionnaire for students and lecturer, then for completing the data the researcher asked several students in interview. The distribution of questionnaire was on
December 8
th
, 2011 for student questionnaire and March 15
th
, 2012 for lecturer questionnaire.
C. Research Participants
Reading is one of the four main skills learnt in the English Education Study Program. Reading course in English Education Study Program has several
classes in which the courses are taken in different semesters. In the odd semester, reading course offered in English Education Study Program were Basic Reading I
and Extensive reading I. Nevertheless, the researcher took Basic Reading I course academic year 20112012 as the participant. The reason was that this course has
four learning objectives in which influenced the exercise types used. Therefore, to accomplish the learning objectives, students were given various exercises. The
exercises, which were used in this course related to the researcher’s topic. Regularly, Basic Reading I had four classes; A, B, C, and D means as the
population as stated by Sprintall, Schmutte, and Sirois 1991 whose determined “the term ‘population’ refers to the entire group of people, things, or events that
have at least one common trait”. However, the researcher only took D class of
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Basic Reading I as the sample. Fraenkel and Wallen 1993 described a sample in a research study as the group on which information is obtained. While the larger
group to which one hopes to apply the result is called the population. Moreover, the researcher chose D class of Basic Reading I because of two reasons. The first
reason was that the class was taught by the course coordinator. The second reason was that it was assumed that the other Basic Reading I courses had the similar
syllabus and course outline, so choosing D class was considered as the representative of all Basic Reading I classes.
Furthermore, the researcher would have two kinds of participants for the research. They were students and lecturer. The student participants were students
from D class of Basic Reading I, meanwhile lecturer participants was the lecturer who was taught D class of Basic Reading I. Since Basic Reading I had 46
students, all of them became the research participants. The researcher planned that the 46 participants would fill the questionnaire in class. Nevertheless, five
students did not come in the class when the researcher distributed student questionnaire, so the researcher would have 41 students as the student
participants. On the other hand, the researcher would not take all the student
participants as the interviewees. The researcher took 10 of the total student participants as the random sampling. The reason why the researcher applied the
random sampling was to give equal chance for all members in the population to become the participants. Fraenkel and Wallen 1993 stated that a simple random
sample is one in which each and every member of the population has an equal and
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independent chance of being selected. Related to this theory, every member of the population has the same chance to give hisher contribution toward the study.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
