Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

14

B. Theoretical Framework

This part summarizes the related theories of this research. Those theories will help the researcher to answer the problem formulation as stated in chapter 1: What kinds of significant learning experiences from SPD class develop students‟ good characters as teacher candidates? The theories of learning outcomes are taken from Bingham 1999 in Kennedy 2007, p.20. The author states the big points of learning outcomes such as the aims of the learning outcomes that include student‟s achievement and what the students should know and understand as the result of the learning process. The researcher takes Krauss and Boss 2013. The theory supports the researcher to find out the significant experiences from the participants. Project-based learning supports them to build their good character. It is because they do actions through projects that they got. The researcher employed the theory from Olsen and Kagan cited in Richards and Rodgers 2001, p. 192 that gives brief explanation about cooperative language learning. The theory supports the researcher to find out participants experiences related to cooperative language learning. Cooperative language learning teaches them to be cooperative while working with the other. The last theories are from Sarah cited in Kessler, 2000, p.107 about creativity and risk-taking. The theory helps the researcher to arrange the statements and questions about students‟ deeper understanding of good character related to creativity and risk-taking. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 15

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the method used in this study. The research methodology is divided into six parts namely, research method, research participants, research setting, instrument and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure.

A. Research Method

The researcher conducted the research by making use of mixed methods research. It was the mixture of quantitative and qualitative research. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative research. This research is aimed to find out the experiences or values from SPD class which are significant to develop students‟ characters. Mixed method research is suitable in gathering the best data in this research. Ary et al 2010, p. 561 states that mixed method research combines qualitative and quantitative approach in a single or multiphase study. The reason why the researcher used mixed methods as follows: 1. This research used both quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research was in the kind of calculation of data to find out the means of the data. The purpose was to analyze the data validation to this research. The qualitative research was to support the quantitative data. 2. The researcher used qualitative and quantitative research to complement the result.