25 reading skill for everyday purpose, such as using: newspapers, comic books,
television guides, recipes, menus, telephone books and others. In this research, the research uses English magazine as the teaching media which is one of authentic
materials especially as the authentic text. The researcher hopes that the students know the current event and be accustomed to English articles. Gebhard 1983
argues that “Authentic materials include anything that is used as a part of communication” pp. 100-101. One of them is authentic printed materials such
as: newspaper articles, travel magazines, sport report and other printed materials.
7. Hortatory Exposition
In this research, the researcher focused on using authentic text which taken from English magazines especially hortatory exposition text. There are some
definitions of hortatory exposition. Gerot and Wignell 1995 and Sudarwati and Grace 2007 define that hortatory exposition as a text of which the social
function is persuading the reader that something should or should not be the case. Hortatory exposition text has three main components. Gerot and Wignell
1995 argue that there are three components in the generic structure of hortatory exposition: thesis, arguments, and recommendation. Thesis consists of
announcement about the issue of concern. Arguments consist of the reasons for concern which the function is leading to recommendation. Recommendation
consists of the statement of what ought or ought not to happen. Hortatory expostion texts can be found in some sources such as magazines, newspapers, and
others. Kistono, Cahyono, Purnama, Tupan, and Kastaredja 2007 argue that
26 hortatory exposition texts can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines,
newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, and research report.
8. Content Based Instruction
Teachers are expected to have the right teaching techniques which can encourage students’ motivation in learning. In implementing materials, the
researcher uses content based instruction as the teaching technique in teaching reading using authentic texts. Krahnke 1987 also defines content based
instruction as teaching of content or information in language teaching which does not teach the language directly but it uses the content to teach the language.
Brinton, Snow, and Wesche 1989 add that content-based instruction is the “integration of content learning with language teaching aims” p. 2. The
resea rcher uses content based instruction in order to fulfil students’ needs and also
students’ interest. Larseen-Freeman and Anderson 2011 also add that CBI is usually thought as teaching language for specific purposes and in academic setting
can be called teaching language for academic purposes. There are some characteristics of content based instruction. Larseen-
Freeman and Anderson 2011 state that the goal of teaching using CBI is that the teachers want the students to master both language and content. Larseen-Freeman
and Anderson also add the information how to choose the content in teaching language using CBI. Larseen-Freeman and Anderson 2011 state theme of the
content can be cho sen based on students’ interest such as popular music, sport,
and others. Using interesting materials based on the students’ needs and interest is
27 the main point in encouraging
the students’ in learning motivation. Krahnke 1987 states unmotivated students in language teaching are going to have good
motivation when the material in language teaching is based on their interest and needs
. Krahnke 1987 states that “Extensive reading of literature of other content material in target language is one of teaching activities using content-based
instruction ” p. 69. Larseen-Freeman and Anderson 2011 also add that the
characteristic of CBI is using authentic text.
B. Theoretical Framework
In order to answer the research question in the research problem, the researcher would like to summarize and synthesize all major relevant theories
which help in conducting the research. This research focused on the use authentic texts to improve stud
ents’ motivation in reading hortatory exposition. Although reading was one of language skills in learning, most of students especially in XI
IPA 1 in SMA Negeri I Kasihan Bantul had low motivation in reading activities. Therefore, the researcher tried to use authentic texts to encourage their reading
motivation in learning English. In order to cover those cases, the researcher used four main theories, namely motivation, reading, vocabulary, authentic materials,
KTSP, and content-based instruction CBI. In order to answer the research question the researcher implemented the
theory of motivation. In this research the researcher focused on improving the students’ motivation in reading. The researcher implemented the three ways in
