13 based on the reasons or goal of action. They are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Ryan and Deci 2000 state intrinsic motivation is “an action which done based
on satisfactions rather than consequence” p. 56. Extrinsic motivation is “an action which is done to reach some separable outcome” p. 60.
c. Problem in Motivation
The teachers can not deny that motivation plays vital role in students’
achivevement. Stronger motivation gives great effec t on students’ learning result.
Murray 1964 argues that the strength of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation “influence the way we see the world, the things we think about and the actions in
which we engage” p. 9. Motivation encourages students to make effort in achieving the learning objectives. Schunk, Pintrich, and Meece 2008 argue that
high motivated students show their interest in activities, work diligently, feel self- confident, do the tasks, and perform well. On the opposite, unmotivated students
show their poor performance. High motivated students can reach the good result in the class. Good 1970 argues that students who do not have motivation in
certain course but he must study it. The students may dislike that course. They are going to skip that course in the future as cited in Prayitno, 1989.
d. Approach and Technique in Motivation
Building a good atsmosphere during teaching learning activities is an important thing that should be done by the teacher in order to encourage students’
motivation in studying English. The teachers can not deny that motivation is a
14 factor that
affects students’ performance. This is important in teaching learning process. In order to encourage students’ motivation the researcher uses some
theories. Gooding and Woolfolk 1987 states that there are general motivational approaches:
1 Arrange extrinsic rewards, 2 use students’ interest in lessons, 3 give more challenging work, 4 praise success, 5 provide a safer learning
situation, 6 communicate your expectations, 7 structure a cooperative learning task, 8 set up an individualized goal structure, 9 use
individualized instruction, 10 involve student in setting reasonable goals, 11 fulfill need for affiliating and belonging, 12 provide realistic success
experiences p. 89.
There are some techniques in order to encourage the students’ motivation especially when the teacher opens classroom activities. The effect of motivation
on learning and performance is the important factor in success of the learning. Prayitno 1989 agues that there are three ways in order to motivate the students
in classroom activity: 1
Attract the students’ interest about the topic. There are some ways in order to attract the students’ interest about the topic: asking the students some
questions which are related to the topic, telling them about the recent news or issue which is related to the topic and explaining the importance about the
topic. 2
Explain the competence that should be achieved. The teachers explain the clear explanation about the competence that should be achieved by the
students during the teaching learning activity. 3
Explain the clear teaching objectives. The teacher should explain short and clear learning objectives of the teaching learning activity.
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e. Methods of Assessing Motivation
