The Analysis Of Gerund Used In The Tempo Magazine

THE ANALYSIS OF GERUND USED IN THE TEMPO MAGAZINE

A PAPER

BY

LABORA VALENTINA SIMAMORA REG. NO. 102202018

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDY

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

It has been proved by Supervisor,

Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS. NIP : 19541117 198003 1 002

Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Study, University of Sumatera Utara in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English

Approved by

Head of Diploma III English Study Program,

NIP : 19521126198112 1 001 Dr. Matius C.A.Sembiring, M.A

Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program

Faculty of Cultural Study, University of Sumatera Utara

Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Diploma III (D-III) of English Study Program, Faculty of Cultural Study University of Sumatera Utara

The examination is held on July 2013

Faculty of Cultural Study, University of Sumatera Utara Dean,

NIP : 19511013197603 1 001 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A

Board of Examiners : Signature

1. Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A (Head of ESP) 2. Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS (Supervisor)

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I, LABORA VALENTINA SIMAMORA, declare that I am the sole author this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed :

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : Labora Valentina Simamora

Title of Paper : THE ANALISYS OF GERUNDS USED IN THE TEMPO MAGAZINE

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Librarian of the Diploma III English Department Faculty of Cultural Study USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed :

ABSTRACT

The title of this paper is “THE ANALYSIS OF GERUND USED IN THE TEMPO”. Gerund is a part of grammar which is important for learning English language. Gerund is the – ing form of a verb in sentences used as a noun. Based on the analysis, gerund consist of two part of form, they are: simple gerund and gerund phrase. Gerund also has some function in sentences, such as: as subject of sentences, object of sentences, after a preposition, after possessive adjective, after some certain verb, and after certainly idioms. The writer also gives some rules in gerund sentences, they are: noun + preposition + gerund, adjective + preposition + gerund, verb + preposition + gerund, preposition + gerund, and verb + object + preposition + gerund. The most dominant gerund is after preposition (15 times) which is equal to 28,9 %, followed by gerund as after some verbs (8 times) which is equal to 15,4 %, followed by subject of a verb (7 times) which is equal to 13,4%, followed by as subjunctive complement (7 times) which is equal to 13,4%, followed by object of verb (6 times) which is equal to 11,6 %, followed by object of a preposition (5 times) which equal to 9,6 %, followed by appositive and after a possessive adjective (2 times) which equal to 3,9 %.

ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul “THE ANALYSIS OF GERUND USED IN THE TEMPO MAGAZINE”. Gerund adalah salah satu bagian dari grammar yang penting untuk mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Gerund adalah bentuk kata kerja + ing dalam kalimat yang digunakan sebagai kata benda. Dari pembahasan, gerund dibagi dalam dua bentuk, yaitu, bentuk sederhana gerund dan gerund prasa. Gerund juga memiliki beberapa fungsi dalam kalimat, yaitu : gerund sebagai subjek, gerund sebagai objek, gerund setelah preposisi, gerund setelah possessive adjective, gerund setelah kata kerja tertentu, dan gerund setelah ungkapan tertentu. Penulis juga memberikan beberapa pola gerund yaitu noun + preposition + gerund, adjective + preposition + gerund, verb + preposition + gerund, preposition + gerund, and verb + object + preposition + gerund. Gerund yang paling dominan adalah gerund setelah preposisi (15 kali) dengan 28,9%, lalu gerund setelah kata kerja tertentu (8 kali) dengan 15,4 %, lalu gerund sebagai subjek (7 kali) dengan 13,4%, lalu subjunctive complement (7 kali) dengan 13,4 %, lalu objek dari kata kerja (6 kali) dengan 11,6 %, lalu objek dari preposisi (5 kali) dengan 9,6 %, kemudian appositive dan setelah possessive adjective (2 kali) dengan 3,9 %.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank Almighty God who blessing and guidance in writing this paper. Without His blessing, I can not finish this paper. This paper is written to fulfill one of the requirements order to achieve the degree of Diploma III at Faculty of Cultural Study, University of Sumatera Utara.

I wish to deliver deepest gratefulness and appreciation to:

 The best gratitude and deepest appreciations to my beloved parents,

L. Simamora, S.Pd and L. Doloksaribu, S.Pd for their praying, advice, material, support, time, and attention to accomplish my education, and also to my beloved sisters and brothers: Lusiana Wirdayanti Simamora, S.Pd, Loven Xaverius Simamora, Lamhotma Yudhi Simamora, Lestari Zuriyanti Simamora, and Beststian Alexander Simanjuntak, thank you for praying, attention, and support.

 Dr. Matius C. A Sembiring M.A as my Academic Consultant, also Head of English Diploma Study Program, for his great advice.

 Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS as my supervisor and Mahmud Arief Albar, S. S., M.A as my reader, for their great patience, advice, support, and valuable time in completing the incorrect the paper.

 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Study, University of Sumatera Utara.

 All lecturers in Diploma III English Study Program for giving me advice and knowledges.

 My Special person “KOJEF” (Jefry Lau), thanks for praying, love, support, advice, patience, valuable time, and togetherness in finishing this paper.

 My bestfriends “SISISENAP” (Fahrunisa Siregar, Yenni Sembiring, Selli Napitupulu) thanks for helping, advice, and togetherness in finishing our study.

 My friends in English Diploma III of 2010.

I realize that there are still some mistakes in writing this paper. Therefore, I wish to accept all criticism and suggestion to improve and complete this paper.

Finally, I wish this paper be useful to all of the readers and all people who read this paper.

Medan, July 2013

The Writer

Labora Valentina Simamora NO. REG : 102202018

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR DECLARATION ... i

COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ... ii

ABSTRACT ... iii

ABSTRAK ... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study ... 1

1.2 Problem of the Study ... 3

1.3 Scopes of the Study ... 3

1.4 Purpose of the Study ... 3

1.5 Significance of the Study ... 4

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 What’s Gerund ... 5

2.2 Form of Gerund ... 6

2.2.1 The simple Gerund ... 6

2.2.2 The gerund Phrase ... 12

3. METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Method ... 22

3.2 Data and Data Sources ... 22

3.3 Data Analysis Method ... 23

4. GERUND ANALYSIS ... 24

5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion ... 34

5.2 Suggestion ... 34

REFERENCES ... 35

ABSTRACT

The title of this paper is “THE ANALYSIS OF GERUND USED IN THE TEMPO”. Gerund is a part of grammar which is important for learning English language. Gerund is the – ing form of a verb in sentences used as a noun. Based on the analysis, gerund consist of two part of form, they are: simple gerund and gerund phrase. Gerund also has some function in sentences, such as: as subject of sentences, object of sentences, after a preposition, after possessive adjective, after some certain verb, and after certainly idioms. The writer also gives some rules in gerund sentences, they are: noun + preposition + gerund, adjective + preposition + gerund, verb + preposition + gerund, preposition + gerund, and verb + object + preposition + gerund. The most dominant gerund is after preposition (15 times) which is equal to 28,9 %, followed by gerund as after some verbs (8 times) which is equal to 15,4 %, followed by subject of a verb (7 times) which is equal to 13,4%, followed by as subjunctive complement (7 times) which is equal to 13,4%, followed by object of verb (6 times) which is equal to 11,6 %, followed by object of a preposition (5 times) which equal to 9,6 %, followed by appositive and after a possessive adjective (2 times) which equal to 3,9 %.

ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul “THE ANALYSIS OF GERUND USED IN THE TEMPO MAGAZINE”. Gerund adalah salah satu bagian dari grammar yang penting untuk mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Gerund adalah bentuk kata kerja + ing dalam kalimat yang digunakan sebagai kata benda. Dari pembahasan, gerund dibagi dalam dua bentuk, yaitu, bentuk sederhana gerund dan gerund prasa. Gerund juga memiliki beberapa fungsi dalam kalimat, yaitu : gerund sebagai subjek, gerund sebagai objek, gerund setelah preposisi, gerund setelah possessive adjective, gerund setelah kata kerja tertentu, dan gerund setelah ungkapan tertentu. Penulis juga memberikan beberapa pola gerund yaitu noun + preposition + gerund, adjective + preposition + gerund, verb + preposition + gerund, preposition + gerund, and verb + object + preposition + gerund. Gerund yang paling dominan adalah gerund setelah preposisi (15 kali) dengan 28,9%, lalu gerund setelah kata kerja tertentu (8 kali) dengan 15,4 %, lalu gerund sebagai subjek (7 kali) dengan 13,4%, lalu subjunctive complement (7 kali) dengan 13,4 %, lalu objek dari kata kerja (6 kali) dengan 11,6 %, lalu objek dari preposisi (5 kali) dengan 9,6 %, kemudian appositive dan setelah possessive adjective (2 kali) dengan 3,9 %.

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study

For every human, language is very important things to communicate to each other. Without language, we can’t communicate with others people. There are many languages in the world. One of them is English as international language where all countries should be learning it. English is as an International language because most people in the world know English as a second language after their mother language.

In Indonesia, English is taught as a compulsory subject to high schools and college students. At some elementary schools, English has even been introduced as a subject to be learned. The objective of teaching English especially for Indonesian students are able to communicate in English both speaking and writing.

Learning English is not easy. There are many words in English which have the same word but different in meaning. Besides English also has a complicated structure and grammar. Grammar is one of the language components that the students should master. English have rules to make communication better in usage.

Pyle and Ellen (2002:39) say, “A rule in grammar is a generalization. It is a formula that one makes to account for how a given grammatical construction usually behaves. A rule is not necessarily true in every instance. It is generally true.

There are so many parts of grammar to be learned. One of them is gerund. Gerund is verb + ing which functional as a noun. Gerund also finds in

written. For example : letter, poem, magazine, etc.

Tempo Magazine is one of the English magazines in Indonesia which is published every week. Tempo Magazine contains of many topics that every topics have various articles, such as economy, international, opinion, science and technology, law, national, arts, profile, lifestyle, and prelude. The writer uses eight topic that have gerund to be analyzed. For examples:

1. Sitting at the head of the table, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono spoke enthusiastically about a fried rice recipe handed down by his family.

2. All of this must happen for the sake of stabilizing green-house gas concentration in the atmosphere.

3. I have been involved with the media since 1996, writing for publications in Papua.

4. Aburizal denied approving the maneuvering of some of this cadres. 5. Politically, Indonesia has aspired achieving this by reducing emissions.

From the examples above, gerund as subject is “sitting” that located in front of sentence as in sentence 1, “stabilizing” and “reducing” are gerund as preposition because there are prepositions “of” and “by “ so verb after preposition is using gerund like in sentences 2 and 5. In sentence 3, “writing” is gerund as appositive because it explains about the information in the gerund sentence. In

sentence 4, “approving” is gerund after some verbs because there are some verbs always following with gerund such as admit, deny, avoid, etc.

Based on the previous explanation, the writer is interested in analyzing the gerund use in the articles of Tempo Magazine. The writer took six articles in the Tempo Magazine that is published on March 2013 as the data source in this paper. This paper analyses what the definitions, forms, and functions of gerund in the Tempo Magazine.

1.2 Problem of the Study

The problems of study are:

1. What are the forms and functions of gerund used in the Tempo Magazine? 2. How are the rules of gerund used in the articles of Tempo Magazine? 3. Which functions of gerund are the most dominant in the Tempo Magazine?

1.3 Scope of the Study

This study describes a part of grammar that called gerund. The writer wants to limit this study in the definitions and functions of gerund in the Tempo Magazine.

1.4 Purpose of the Study

The purposes of the study are:

1. To find out and classify the functions of gerund used in the articles of the Tempo Magazine

2. To describe the uses of gerund.

3. To find out the most dominant functions of gerund used in the articles of Tempo Magazine

1.5 Significance of the Study

There are some significances of the study, they are theoretically to enrich knowledge about gerunds and practically to be used as references for the readers or students who are interested in analysing of gerunds.

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 What’s Gerund

Burch (2003:1) says, “Grammar is a way of organizing what we know about language so that we can talk and manipulate this knowledge. It means that by grammar we can organize language and make us comfort to talking about it. Not only to talking but also we can learn, because grammar is also a knowledge.”

Wishon and Burks (1980:268) states that gerund is the – ing form of the

verb used as a noun, gerund has the same form as the present participle. However, it functions differently in the sentences, it is always can function in any noun position.

Betty (2006:368) states that a gerund is the – ing form of a verb. It is a

noun.

From the state above that gerund is the verb + ing that used as a noun. Gerund is not same in meaning, but it is same in form. Some verbs are followed by gerunds and contains phrasal verbs. But any verbs are not also followed by gerund.

Example :

Washing dishes is my house work.

Within the clause “Washing dishes”, the word “Playing” behaves as a verb; in particular the phrase “dishes” is the object of that verb. But the whole

clause “Playing football” acts as a noun phrase within the sentences as a whole; it is the subject of the verb “is”. When a gerund ( verb + ing) is used as the subject of a sentence, it becomes a singular noun. However, if two or more gerund are joined by a conjunction “and” ;it will be a plural noun.

2.2 Form of Gerund 2.2.1 The simple gerund

The gerund is the –ing form of the verb used as a noun. Notice that the gerund has the same form as present participle. However, it functions differently in the sentence. It is always a noun and can function in any noun function.

1) Subject of verb

The subject in gerund sentence usually located in the beginning of the sentences. Gerund is used as the subject of a sentence on its basis have the following characteristics:

1) Verb + ing.

2) In front of predicate.

3) The subject of the sentence. 4) It is usually singular noun.

5) It has the meaning of an object that is the subject of the sentence.

Examples:

 Reading English magazine improves your English ability.

 Writing letters is my sister’s hobbies.

 Dieting with jogging in the evening has successfully reduced my weight.

 Learning a lot of law science does not attract to be a lawyer.

2) Object of verb

The gerund can be the object of a verb. The form of an object in a gerund phrase may depend on what precedes the gerund. Gerund is used as the object of a sentence has the following characteristics:

1) It is behind a predicate.

2) It functions as an object that describes the predicate of a sentences. 3) It has the meaning of a noun which is the object of the sentences.

Examples :

 They don’t remember locking the door.

 I like reading a novel.

 I regret telling the truth her the truth.

 We always enjoy riding bicycle.

Certain verbs in English are followed by verbals- either gerund or infinitives- which are considered as the objects of these verbs. The gerund (-ing form) and the infinitive (to+ base form) of verbs may be used as nouns, and usually there is no difference in meaning. The following is a reference list of some common verbs. Here are verbs can followed by gerund.

1. Admit

Reference List of Verbs Followed by Gerunds Object

2. Advice* 3. Allow 4. Advocate 5. Anticipate 6. Appreciate 7. Avoid 8. Begin* 9. Can’t bear* 10.Can’t stand* 11.Claim 12.Complete 13.Consider 14.Continue* 15.Delay 16.Deny 17.Detest 18.Disclaim 19.Discuss 20.Dislike 21.Enjoy 22.Escape 23.Excuse 24.Fancy 25.Finish 26.Forbid 27.Forget** 28.Hate* 29.Imagine 30.Keep 31.Like* 32.Love* 33.Mean* 34.Mention 35.Mind 36.Miss 37.Permit 38.Postpone* 39.Practice 40.Prefer* 41.Prevent 42.Prohibit 43.Put off 44.Quit 45.Recall 46.Recollect 47.Recommend 48.Regret** 49.Remember** 50.Report 51.Resent 52.Resist 53.Risk 54.Start* 55.Stop*** 56.Suggest 57.Support 58.Tolerate 59.Try* 60.Understand 61.Urge

1) May be followed by a gerund or an infinitive : * without a change in meaning/ ** with a change in meaning.

Schrampfer (2006:370) says, “ ***The object following stop is a gerund, not an infinitive. But in special circumstance, stop can be followed by an infinitive of purpose: in order to. (While I was walking down the hall, I dropped my pen. I stopped to pick it up. = I stopped walking in order to pick it up.)”.

2) May be followed by an object : +and infinitive. ( She advices me to go to library)/ ++ and a gerund. ( He appreciates you for your working).

3) May be followed by a that – clause. Subjunctive verb

 I remember meeting you at the library.

Examples :

 John enjoys playing chess with his father.

 He can’t bear being laughed at.

 My mother doesn’t allow going to the movie.

 We can’t avoid writing a paper.

 Some people hate working in the early morning.

 I delayed doing my exercises.

3. Object of a preposition

Any verb used as the object in a preposional takes the form of a gerund. Most gerund after prepositions are subjects, especially those in adverbial prepositional.

Examples :

 I am worried about being late for this class.

 Jefry insisted on going to Singapore.

 I believe in being honest at all times.

 I thank for your saving my book.

Object of a preposition consists of two parts :

1) Nominal function of prepositional gerund

Any verb used in a prepositional phara takes the form of a gerund. Most gerund phrases after prepositions are subjectless, especially those in adverbial prepositional phrases. Such gerund phrases function as prepositional objects of verbs. A great many of the verbs listed under prepositional objects in the chapter on prepositions take such gerund objects.

Examples:

 Jack often dream about being a doctor someday.

 She insisted on paying the restaurant bill.

2) Abjectival function of preposional gerund

These adjectival constructions appearing after nouns begin mostly with of or for.

Examples :

 His pretense of being rich didn’t fool anyone.

 Their funds are adequate for meeting their moderate needs.

Adjectival function of prepositional gerund phrase consists of two parts :

These phrases may express almost all adverbial relationships except place.

Examples :

 After receiving your advice, we solved the problem.

 He earned the money for his tuition by workingas a writer during a year.

 Before watching television, they have done all the housework.

b)Prepositional gerund modifying adjectives

Introducing most prepositional gerund phrases after adjectives, especially -ed participial adjectives



Examples :



She was embarrassed at seeing herself mark. I’m dissapointed at your doing such a thing.

a.

Other preposition introducing gerund phrase after adjectives are :

For

b.

Example : The co – pilot will be responsible for flying the plane.

Of

c.

Example : I’m tired of eating foreign food every day.

With

d.

Example : i’m fed up with studying. About

e.

Example : My friends are excited about going on holiday.

At

4. Subjective Complement

Subjective Complement as a predicate noun.



Examples :



A good exercise is swimming.



His favourite pastime is singing.

5.

My chief delight is cooking. Appositive

The function of appositive is to give further information on something or someone we had said already in gerund sentence. Appositives are separated from the others word in the sentenced by commas.



Examples :

 His hobby,

My favourite sport, running, takes a great deal of effort.

sailing 

, takes a lot of time.

His method, shooting and killing, eventually came to an end.

Gerund phrases is a phrase that consists of a gerund plus objects and / or modifiers. As does the gerund, gerund phrase also serves as a noun in a sentence.

Example :

2.2.2. The Gerund Phrase

 Seeing the doctor immediately is a good idea.  Swimming in the ocean is very dangerous.

 You might get in trouble for faking an illness to avoid work.  I enjoy riding my bike in the morning.

gerund. Then each is added with a gerund the doctor immediately,in the ocean, an illness to avoid work, and my bike in the morning. So the combination of the gerund and the object is shaping up to be what is called a gerund phrases.

There are some main subject about gerund phrases:

 As noun verbal, gerund in a gerund phrase can be limited by :

a) An adverb or adverb phrase Examples :

 Working smartly is as important as working hard.

 Working in a car workshop gives a young man much experience in earning a living.

c) An adjective and/or noun or possesive pronoun Examples:

 We are late because of dady’s slow driving.

 He resented me being passed over for promotion.

 If gerund in gerund phrase is formed from transitive verb, it can use direct object. If gerund is formed from a verb that can use both direct object or indirect object, gerund phrase can use it too.

Examples :

 Giving the employees a raise will make them happy.

 Gerund phrases in a sentence can function as subject, object, object of the preposition, and appositive.

Examples of gerund phrases as subject :

 Working hard from nine to six is one way to earn your bread and butter.

 Eating breakfast on time is advisable.

 Smoking too much is not good for health.

Example of gerund phrases as objects :

 The supervisor appreciates your working so hard in campus.  I intend doing my homework tonight.

 I begin studying English seriously.

Example of gerund phrases as objects of the preposition :  After receiving your money, we bought many books.

 I am tired of studying alone.

 We will not be successful without working seriously every time.

Example of gerund phrases as appositive :

 Her suggestion, building a dam to harness the power of water, was well received.

 The best exercise, walking briskly, is also the least expensive

 My hobby, juggling flaming torches, is not expensive.

 When you want to make a negative sentence, just add a note in front of gerund phrases, for examples :

 Not having a friend is lonely.

 As a noun, gerund phrases often use the possessive adjective in front of it.

Examples :

 Thank you for your coming.  Her singing is slow. .

 My dancing is not good as yours.

 My feeling says that.

 Your visiting will make me happy.

Note : Your coming, her singing, my dancing, my feeling, and your visiting is that using your gerund phrases, her, and my a possessive adjective to noun behind it.

2.3 Some Rules in Gerund

1. Noun + Preposition + Gerund

Some words used in this pola, they are : advantage of, choice of, intention of, problem of, difference between, solution to, excuse for, method for, reason for, possibility.

Examples :

 The advantage of counsumingvegetables is good for our healthy.

 We have many choice of cooking meals.

 The intention of studying this subject is to know our history.

 Jack has solution to solving your problem.

 George has no excuse for dropping out of school.

2. Adjective + Preposition + Gerund

Some words used in this pola, they are : afraid of, good at, responsible of, tired of, interested in, excited about, nervous about, clever at, fond of, accustomed.

Examples :

 They are afraid of eatingsomepizza.

 The students are responsible for cleaning this classroom.

 He was tired of walking around mall.

 I am very excited about visiting Bali.

 John is nervous about standing in front of this class.

 The man is clever at playing football.

3. Verb + Preposition + Gerund

Pyle and Ellen (2002:85) say, “If a verb + preposition, adjective + preposition, noun + preposition, or preposition alone is followed directly by a verb, the verbs will always be in the gerund form. The following list consists of verb + preposition”. They are: think about, think of, keep on, insist on, succed in, count on, depend on, give up, look forward to,get used to, appove of” Examples :

 I will think about finishing this paper early.

 My father isthinking of going to Canada next month.

 The baby kept on crying.

 Succes may depend on becoming more patient.

 My uncle gave up smoking because of his doctor’s advice. 4. Preposition + Gerund

Some words used in this pola, they are : besides, by, despite, without, before, while, instead of, after, as well as.

Examples :

 Besides keepingher food, she also walks every morning.

 They famous by speaking english language fluently.

 Despite raining, she wants to meet her boyfriend.

 They bought a car without askingbefore.

 Please have a drink before leaving.

 I slept while reading a novel.

 I will call you after arriving in campus.

5. Verb + Object + Preposition + Gerund

Some verb used in this pola, they are: accuse of, stop for, thank for, forgive for, prevent for, congratulate on, suspect of, warn about.

Examples :

 They were accused of breaking the table.

 Jessica stopped for dieting.

 I forgive for being late.

 I absolutely thank for helping me.

 I wanted to congratulate you on making  We warned them against using this computer.

such a good speech.

2. 4 The Function of Gerund

There are eight function of gerund in a sentences :

1. As a Subject of Sentences

Pyle and Ellen (2002: 74) says, “If a sentences begins with (verb + ing) (gerund), the verb must also be singular”.

It means that gerund as subject of sentence is always in front of sentences and also be singular.

Examples :

 Dieting is very popular today.

 Writing many letters makes her happy.

 Reading a newspaper is my father hobby.

 Listening requires patience.

 Sleeping is necessary to heath.

2. As a Object of Sentences Examples :

 He enjoys hunting tourists in Yuki.

 My father hates getting up late.

 They don’t remember closing the window.

 I like reading foregin novel.

3. As a Complement

A gerund clause can be a subject complement after the auxiliary be

Example :

( is, am, are, was, were ).

 One of his duties isattending meetings.

 His best talent isteaching.

 My favorite activity in leasure time is 

fishing.



Rina ispreparing meals for her husband.

4.

My father hobby isreading a newspaper.

After a preposition.

Preposition following with gerund are : after, before, to, about, with, without, at, on, by.

 After cooking, I will go to bookstore.

Examples :

 Before watching the movie, we must buy tickets.

 He confessed to stealing the jewels.

 She speaks about getting a new job.

 We agree with sleeping tonight.

 She speaks without thinking before.

 She is good atpainting.

 They're keen onwindsurfing.

5. After certain verbs.

Some verbs always followingwith gerund are : admit, finish, mind, stop, postpone, consider,tolerate.

Examples :

 He admitted stealing the laptop.

 She finished studying about ten

 Would you mind helping me with this table?

 I can’t stop loving you.

 Let’s postpone leaving until tomorrow.

 I will consider going with you.

 My teacher won’t tolerate cheating during an examination.

6. After certainly idioms expressions Examples :

 It’s no use crying like a baby.

 It’s no good getting someone in trouble.

 There is no knowing what may happen.

 There is no harm in visiting her now.

 I take pleasure in visiting the sick

 He was interested in learning more about my work.

7. After possesive adjectives Examples :

 Your visiting will make me happy.

 My singing is not bad.

 Our meeting will be attend by President.

 His dancing is very good.

8. Gerund to show short prohibition Examples :

 No parking!

 No talking!

3. METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Method

In writing this paper, the writer uses Library Research. Library research is the technique of data collection by researchers to gather as much imformation relevant to the topic. Sources can be obtained from literature : scientific books, journals, records, encyclopedia, magazines, research results (thesis and dissertation), and other sources of suitable (internet, magazine, etc). The library is a great place to get materials and information relevant to the topic with real.

3.2 Data and Data Sources

The data is sentences used gerunds found in six articles of Tempo Magazine that published on March 18-24, 2013 edition. There are 52 gerunds found in the Termpo Magazine as the data source.

The list of the data source can be seen to the table below:

NO TITLES EDITION SOURCE

1 Coup Vadis, sby ? March 18-24, 2013 TEMPO MAGAZINE 2 The Ides of March March 18-24, 2013 TEMPO MAGAZINE 3 Navigating a Party

Minefield March 18-24, 2013 TEMPO MAGAZINE

4 Gangs of Kembangan March 18-24, 2013 TEMPO MAGAZINE 5 Japanese-Style

Indonesian Gifts March 18-24, 2013 TEMPO MAGAZINE

6

“Dialogue Used To Be Taboo, Today It Is A

Key Word.”

X= �

� x 100%

a. Data Analysis Method

In analyzing the data, the writer used descriptive method. Descriptive method of research is where the person doing the research presents it in a descriptive manner. The descriptive research designs enable researchers to describe or present the picture of a phenomenon or phenomena under

investigation.

The step or procedure in analyzing the data:

1. Reading the article or Tempo Magazine. 2. Identifying the sentences contain gerunds. 3. Classifying the gerunds.

4. Analyzing the data by counting the dominant gerunds and the frequency of each variable of gerunds into percentages of their usage in the articles.

To get the percentage the writer applies this formula : The Formula:

X= Frequency of gerunds

Y= Number of gerunds obtained based on their types

4.

GERUND ANALYSIS

Tempo Magazine published in weekly. I take one magazine which consists of six articles. This magazine published on March 18-24 edition. The data are 27 sentences using simple gerund and 25 sentences using form of gerund. This analyses consist six articles which are chosen at random, the titles are Coup Vadis, SBY ?, The Ides of March, Navigating a Party Minefield, Gangs of Kembangan, Purezento, Japanese-Style Indonesian Gifts and “Dialogue Used To Be Taboo, Today It Is A Key Word.” The data are collected and list in the table below according to the classification forms of gerund and functions of gerund.

4.1 The Analysis

A. Coup Vadis, SBY ?

There are one sentence of simple gerund and three sentences of gerund after a preposition in this article.

1. Object of Preposition

 `The impression of wanting to ‘test the waters’ and find out the extent of support for this unconstitutional movement was reinforced when

Yudhoyono met with his old colleague. (page 13)

2. After a Preposition

 Past experience shows that such scuttlebutt about overthrowing the government usualy comes to naught. (page 13)

 Anyone is free to become obsessed with overthrowing the government as long as remains in the imagination, or as an idea. (page 13)

B. The Ides of March

There are four part of simple gerunds found in this article and eight sentences using part of simple gerunds; there are four sentences using subject of verb, one sentence using subjunctive complement, two sentences using appositive and one sentence using object of preposition. There are seven sentences using gerund after preposition. There is one using possesive adjective.

1. Subjects of Verbs

 Sitting at the head of the table, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono spoke anthusiastically about a fried rice recipe handed down by his family. ( pages 18)

 Speaking to dozens of guests that morning, Yudhoyono promised to whip up some fried ala Pacitan, the city of his birth, and some fruit salad. (page 18)

 Taking a deep breath, the President said he was not about to sit idly by. (page 18)

Speaking to dozens of guest that morning, Yudhoyono promised to whip up some fried rice ala Pacitan. (page 18)

 At this meeting, which took place before Yudhoyono left for Berlin, Aburizal denied approving the maneuvering of some of his cadres. (page 20)

2. Object of Preposition

 He decided to meet with the media editors instead of opening the Muslim Students Association (HMI) congress at Hotel Borobudur in Central jakarta, on that same day. (page 18)

 In 2009, he even held a special press confrence, showing a number of photos to reinforce he was the target of terrorist group. (page 18)

3. Subjunctive Complement

 In this broadcast it was said that a number of retired generals were

working with hardline Islamic figures, ready to foment unrest and rebellion. (page 18)

4. Appositive

 Fadli, Sudi and Dipo then left, leaving Prabowo and Yudhoyono alone in the room. (page 19)

5. After a Preposition

 Prabowo asked Yudhoyono to review the policy of electing regional chiefs, which he felt had led to exercessive money politics and prone to corruption. (page 19)

 Kicking off the meeting, Prabowo introduced Fadli: “This is Fadli Zon, who likes to critize you. (page 19)

 After the meeting, Nahdlatul Ullama (NU) Executive Committee Chairman Said Aqil Siroj, who led the meeting ,said, “There is just one and a half years left.” (page 19)

 There they discussed political developpment and listened to recording of some Golkar Party politicians talking to a Democrat Party Politrician. (page 19)

 After listening to the recordings, Yudhoyono become upset. (page 20)

 So, last February, he spoke sharply about resolving the unfinished Lapindo mud disasaster case. (page 20)

 “At that time, the television (station) owned by the Bakrie family going overboard in reporting about the presidential family was also mentioned,” said Golkar central partyofficial. (page 20)

6. After possesive Adjective

 He suspected that Golkar Party Chairman Aburizal Bakrie had given his blessing to the actions of his Golkar cadres. (page 20)

C. Navigating a Party Minefield

There are two part of simple gerunds found in this article and four sentences using part of the simple gerund; there are two sentences using subjects of verbs and two subjunctive complements. There are four part of functions of gerund; there is one sentences after a preposition, two sentences after certain verbs, and one sentence after possesive adjective.

1. Subjects of Verbs

 Sharing the same outlook as anas since their days as members of the Muslim StudentsAssociation (HMI), Saan can be said to have inherited Anas’s support in the current leadership. (page 24)

 “Voting is the last alternative,” said Syarif Hasan, a member the Board of Patrons. (page 24)

2. Subjunctive Complement

 However, said Anas, “ Nazaruddin’s answer was surprising.” (page 25)

 The High Council is not giving any chance to candidates who are seen as likely addingto the party’s internal unrest. (page 25)

3. After a Preposition

 By making this vague statement, Anas made the public think that Ibas actually did receive money from Nazaruddin. (page 25)

4. After Certain Verb

 So, the Democrats must be find someone to replace Anas Urbaningrum soon, which means holding an extraordinary congress, which is planned to be held in Bali at the end of this month. (page 24)

 Just like voting oraly, this regulation still waits a final decision from High Council (page 25)

5. After Possesive Adjective

 The former schaiman of the Cilacap party branch went to the home of Anas in Duren Sawit, Jakarta, last week to ask for his blessing. (page 24)

D. Gangs of Kembangan

There are three part of simple gerunds found in this article and three sentences using part of the simple gerund; there is one sentence using subject of verb, one sentence using object of preposition and one subjunctive complements. There are four part of functions of gerund; there is one sentences after a preposition, two sentences after certain verbs, and one sentence after possesive adjective.

1. Subject of Verb

 Refusing to comply, Fauzi said that the previous day he had supplied them with dozens sacks of cement. (page 36)

2. Object of preposition

 Hercules’ men are detained seperately in groups held at local police detention centers, to prevent them from creating a riot in the cells. (pages 37)

3. Subjunctive Complement

 They were banging on the door of the shop house. (page 36)

4. After Preposition

 After receiving the complaint, Hengki decided to hold a roll call at the shopping complex. (page 36)

 While waiting for Hengki, Hercules’ men started their intimidation game. (page 36)

5. After certain Verbs

 They started smashing the glass window s of the shops. (page 36)

 To avoid hurting innocent by standers, Hengki called a backup units from the Metro Jakarta Mobile Bridge, led by Asst. Sr. Comr. Herry Heryawan. (page 36)

E. Purezento, Japanese-Style Indonesian Gifts

There are two part of simple gerunds found in this article and five sentences using part of the simple gerund; there are two sentences using objects of verbs and three sentences using subjunctive complement. There is two sentences using gerund after preposition and three sentences using gerund after certain verbs.

1. Object of Verb

 It began with her love of drawing facial expressions. (page 44)

 Wit this in mind, Anggi focused on making pins with cartoon pictures of Japanese characters. (page 44)

2. Subjunctive Complement

 There are people selling genuine Purezento products in Switzerland and Japan. (page 45)

 Some of them have now bought motorcycles and are paying in installments,” noted Anggi. (page 45)

 For this year’s presentation, Purezento is featuring its novel products called pancarona, in the form of Japanese characters combined with

3. After a preposition

 Besides catering to orders, Anggi and her partners frequently sold their pins at bazaars organized by their campus, Padjajaran University, or at other colleges in Bandung. (page 44)

 The various difficulties in undertaking this business paid off when Purezento scooped Rp20 million in nine days. (page 45)

4. After Certain Verb

 In 2005, Anggi started creating the characters herself, Oshino and Takeshi. (page 44)

 She purposely decided on branding her items Purezento, a Japanese word meaning gift. (page 44)

 Widi Siti Sufariandini,37, one of the regulars met by Tempo, said she liked buying hair bands and wall clocks at Purezento outlets to please her child. (page 45)

F. “Dialogue Used To Be Taboo, Today It Is A Key Word.”

There are three part of simple gerunds found in this article and seven sentences using part of the simple gerund; there is four sentences using objects of verb, one sentence using object of preposition, and two sentences using appositive.

1. Object of Verb

 There must be lasting peace in Papua. (page 64)

 We are promoted the dialogue through the media, and we spent the whole of 2009 in Papua and Jakarta talking to the people, making progress by the end of the year. (page 65)

 In January 2010, we set up the Papua Peace Network, consisting of young people who would work voluntarily for peace, no salary. (page 65)

2. Object of Preposition

 I visited 12 different faction leaders, each of them fighting for Papua’s independence. (page 65)

3. Appositive

 It was the first time that the proposed dialogue was publicized to the people in Papua, as one way of settling the long-time conflict. (page 64)

4.2 The Most Dominant Gerund Found in the Articles of the Tempo Magazine

The dominance gerunds can be seen through the percentage of their usage in the articles. To get the percentage applied the formula.

The Formula:

X = The percentage of each kind of the gerund Y = The total number of each kind of gerund N = The total of kind of gerund

X = �

The percentage of gerunds found in the four articles can be seen through the following table.

Table 1

NO GERUND NUMBER PERCENTAGE

1 S G Subject of Verb 7 13,4%

2 I E Object of Verb 6 11,5%

3 M R Object of a Preposition 5 9,6%

4 P U Subjunctive Complement 7 13,4%

5 L N Appositive 2 3,9%

E D Gerund Phrase -

1 F O As Ssubject of Sentence - 2 U F As Objects of Sentence -

3 N After a Preposition 15 28,9%

4 C G After Possesive Adjective 2 3,9%

5 T E After Some Certain Verbs 8 15,4%

6 I R After Certainly Idioms - O U

N D

TOTAL 52 100%

The most dominant gerund in Tempo Magazine is gerund after preposition because there are fifteen sentences using gerund after preposition which is equal to 28,9 %.

5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

Based on the analysis above, it concluded that are:

1. Gerund has many functions and forms in the sentences, such as: Subject of verb, Object of verb, object of preposition.

2. The most dominant gerund in six articles in Tempo Magazine edition 18-24 on March is gerund after preposition. There are fifteen sentences using gerund after preposition which show 28, 9 %.

5.2 Suggestion

In relation to the conclusion above, the suggestion for the student who study about English are:

1. The student analyses other aspects of the magazine, such as conjunction, tenses, conditional sentences and punctuation.

2. I wish this paper can be useful to enrich knowledge about the usage and function of gerund in English sentence and also apply it in English language.

REFERENCES

Burch, C. Beth. 2003. AWzxriter’s Grammar. New York: Longman.

Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics Second Edition. New York: Longman.

Hartanto, John. 2009. English Grammar. Surabaya: Indah Surabaya.

Lingga, Hotben. 2008. Intisari Tata Bahasa Inggris Kontemporer. Bekasi: Kesaint, Blanc.

Murphy, Raymond. 1985. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pyle, A Michael and Ellen, Mary. Page. 2002. TOEFL Prepation Guide. USA:John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Schrampfer, Azar Betty. 2006. Fundamentals of English Grammar. New York: Longman.

Sembiring, Matius.C.A. 2013.Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa Inggris. Medan: Unpublished.

Wishon, E George and Burks, M. Julia. 1980. Let’s Write English Revised Edition. New York: Litton Educational Publishing, Inc.

 They started smashing the glass window s of the shops. (page 36)

 To avoid hurting innocent by standers, Hengki called a backup units from the Metro Jakarta Mobile Bridge, led by Asst. Sr. Comr. Herry Heryawan.

(page 36)

E. Purezento, Japanese-Style Indonesian Gifts

There are two part of simple gerunds found in this article and five

sentences using part of the simple gerund; there are two sentences using objects of

verbs and three sentences using subjunctive complement. There is two sentences

using gerund after preposition and three sentences using gerund after certain

verbs.

1. Object of Verb

 It began with her love of drawing facial expressions. (page 44)

 Wit this in mind, Anggi focused on making pins with cartoon pictures of Japanese characters. (page 44)

2. Subjunctive Complement

 There are people selling genuine Purezento products in Switzerland and Japan. (page 45)

 Some of them have now bought motorcycles and are paying in installments,” noted Anggi. (page 45)

 For this year’s presentation, Purezento is featuring its novel products called pancarona, in the form of Japanese characters combined with

3. After a preposition

 Besides catering to orders, Anggi and her partners frequently sold their pins at bazaars organized by their campus, Padjajaran University, or at

other colleges in Bandung. (page 44)

 The various difficulties in undertaking this business paid off when Purezento scooped Rp20 million in nine days. (page 45)

4. After Certain Verb

 In 2005, Anggi started creating the characters herself, Oshino and Takeshi. (page 44)

 She purposely decided on branding her items Purezento, a Japanese word meaning gift. (page 44)

 Widi Siti Sufariandini,37, one of the regulars met by Tempo, said she liked buying hair bands and wall clocks at Purezento outlets to please her

child. (page 45)

F. “Dialogue Used To Be Taboo, Today It Is A Key Word.”

There are three part of simple gerunds found in this article and seven

sentences using part of the simple gerund; there is four sentences using objects

of verb, one sentence using object of preposition, and two sentences using

appositive.

1. Object of Verb

 There must be lasting peace in Papua. (page 64)

 I have been involved with the media since 1996, writing for publications in Papua. (page 64)

 We are promoted the dialogue through the media, and we spent the whole of 2009 in Papua and Jakarta talking to the people, making progress by

the end of the year. (page 65)

 In January 2010, we set up the Papua Peace Network, consisting of young people who would work voluntarily for peace, no salary. (page 65)

2. Object of Preposition

 I visited 12 different faction leaders, each of them fighting for Papua’s independence. (page 65)

3. Appositive

 It was the first time that the proposed dialogue was publicized to the people in Papua, as one way of settling the long-time conflict. (page 64)

4.2 The Most Dominant Gerund Found in the Articles of the Tempo Magazine

The dominance gerunds can be seen through the percentage of their

usage in the articles. To get the percentage applied the formula.

The Formula:

X = The percentage of each kind of the gerund

Y = The total number of each kind of gerund

N = The total of kind of gerund X = �

The percentage of gerunds found in the four articles can be seen through

the following table.

Table 1

NO GERUND NUMBER PERCENTAGE

1 S G Subject of Verb 7 13,4%

2 I E Object of Verb 6 11,5%

3 M R Object of a Preposition 5 9,6%

4 P U Subjunctive Complement 7 13,4%

5 L N Appositive 2 3,9%

E D Gerund Phrase -

1 F O As Ssubject of Sentence -

2 U F As Objects of Sentence -

3 N After a Preposition 15 28,9%

4 C G After Possesive Adjective 2 3,9%

5 T E After Some Certain Verbs 8 15,4%

6 I R After Certainly Idioms -

O U

N D

TOTAL 52 100%

The most dominant gerund in Tempo Magazine is gerund after

preposition because there are fifteen sentences using gerund after preposition

5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

Based on the analysis above, it concluded that are:

1. Gerund has many functions and forms in the sentences, such as: Subject

of verb, Object of verb, object of preposition.

2. The most dominant gerund in six articles in Tempo Magazine edition

18-24 on March is gerund after preposition. There are fifteen sentences

using gerund after preposition which show 28, 9 %.

5.2 Suggestion

In relation to the conclusion above, the suggestion for the student who

study about English are:

1. The student analyses other aspects of the magazine, such as conjunction,

tenses, conditional sentences and punctuation.

2. I wish this paper can be useful to enrich knowledge about the usage and

function of gerund in English sentence and also apply it in English

REFERENCES

Burch, C. Beth. 2003. A Wzxriter’s Grammar. New York: Longman.

Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics Second Edition. New York: Longman.

Hartanto, John. 2009. English Grammar. Surabaya: Indah Surabaya.

Lingga, Hotben. 2008. Intisari Tata Bahasa Inggris Kontemporer. Bekasi: Kesaint, Blanc.

Murphy, Raymond. 1985. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Pyle, A Michael and Ellen, Mary. Page. 2002. TOEFL Prepation Guide. USA:John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Schrampfer, Azar Betty. 2006. Fundamentals of English Grammar. New York: Longman.

Sembiring, Matius.C.A. 2013.Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa Inggris. Medan: Unpublished.

Wishon, E George and Burks, M. Julia. 1980. Let’s Write English Revised Edition. New York: Litton Educational Publishing, Inc.