2.2.3.3 Picture as one of Media in Teaching
The success of teaching learning process is not determined only by a single factor for
there are many factors related beyond. Those factors are tied‐together affecting the
success in achieving the goal. Thus, all of the components should be brought into the
classroom and applied properly.
Picture is one of media which is to help the teacher draws the students’ interest
and encourages their motivation. The motivated students will certainly participate
actively and learn better during the teaching and learning process. Yet, the teacher
should be able to plan and organize the instructional design, the conducive learning
atmosphere, and the attractive learning activities to stimulate the students in engaging
themselves to produce and use English communicatively. Therefore, teachers use media
to incorporate their strategy in fulfilling their lesson objectives.
It is necessary for teacher to select the appropriate the suitable pictures used in
the classroom. The picture must be selected in a way that is appropriate to the topic
being presented and relevant to attract students’ interest. In this case, the writer uses
still picture as media to help the students receive the materials delivered easily and
express their ideas and feelings as the comparison method for using documentary films
in teaching process.
2.2.4 General Concept of Writing
2.2.4.1 Definition of Writing
Language is an important thing used by human being to share their opinion and thinking
through communication process. The notion of language itself can be divided into
spoken and written form. Writing is considered as a means of communication through
written form. Writing basically is not simply drawing a sequence of orthographic written
symbols, but it is in fact a complex process elaborating the aspects of brain, ideas and
the writing rules as well. Writing tends to involve the thinking process in which the
writers attempt to organize the composition and make it works together into a
meaningful text. Murcia 2001:213 states that “writing is a skill which enables the
learners to plan and rethink the communication process.”
Meyers 2005:2 states that “writing is an action- a process of discovering and organizing ideas, putting them on paper, reshaping, and revising them.” As a
language skill, “the skill of writing enjoys special status-it is via writing that a person can communicate a variety of messages to a close or distant, known or
unknown reader or readers” Murcia, 2001:207. Furthermore, Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner’s University
2000:1382 also explains that “writing is an activity to put an information on a sheet of paper or to compose something in written form.”
In teaching, writing is not easy to be taught. According to Heaton 1974:138,
“writing requires mastery not only of grammatical and rhetorical devices but also of
conceptual and judgment elements. “ He also attempts to group the skills necessary for
writing as follows :
1 Grammatical skills: the ability to write correct sentences;
2 Stylistic skills: the ability to manipulate sentences and use language
effectively; 3
Mechanical skills: the ability to use correctly those conventions peculiar to the written language – e.g. punctuation, spelling;
4 Judgment skills: the ability to write in an appropriate manner for a
particular purpose with a particular audience in mind, together with an ability to select, organize and order relevance information.
Writing requires a series of process and rules as well. From the definition above, the writer concludes that writing is a way to produce language by putting
down words or ideas to some medium through a series of process elaborating the idea, thinking process and the writing rules in order to create a worked-together
written composition.
2.2.4.2 The Purposes of Writing
Kategori