M
1 :
pretest M
2 :
post-test X
1
: treatment using documentary films in BBC VCD X
2 :
treatment using other treatment, that is picture From the scheme above, it could be explained that after forming the
groups by randomization procedures, the first group was assigned as the experimental group, whereas the second one as the control group. In checking the
quality of the subjects, they were given a pretest M
1
. Later on, the experimental group was given treatment by using documentary films in BBC VCD, while the
control group was given treatment without using documentary films in BBC VCD, but pictures. After receiving the treatments, the test was given to both
groups as the posttest M
2
. The aim of doing posttest was to measure the two groups’ achievement after having been given the treatment. The achievement of
the two posttests between experimental and control groups then were compared. Afterwards, the difference between two means of the experimental and control
groups were analyzed to conclude the result of the study.
3.4 Procedure of Experiment
Procedure of an experiment is the guideline for conducting the experiment. In this
study, the writer applied some steps, they were:
1 choosing the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Wonosobo in
the academic year of 20102011 as the population, 2
taking two groups from the population and choosing them as the experimental group and the control group by using simple
randomization sampling technique,
3 doing try out to investigate the validity and reliability of the test
4 giving pre-test to obtain first data,
5 conducting real experiment,
6 giving post-test to obtain second data, and
7 making comparison and analyzing the data.
3.5 Instrument of the Study
Instrument is important thing in an experiment since it will affect on the data obtained. As Kerlinger states as quoted by Kurniawati 2010:52 in her final
project entitled The Effectiveness of Documentary Films and Photographs to Improve the Students’ Ability in Writing Report Text, “an instrument plays an
important role in a study in the sense that the reliability of data obtained.” Arikunto 2002:136 also defines that research instrument is “a device used by the
researcher while collecting data to make his work easier and get a better, complete and systematic result in order to make the data easy to be processed.” According
to Saleh 2001:31 “the word instrument refers to research tools for data collecting. It is therefore, a fundamental thing to be well thought - out by a
researcher before shehe conducts an experiment.” It is important to use instrument in doing experiment. In this study, the test was used as the instrument
to obtain the data that is the students’ ability in writing. Test can be defined as “a set of techniques, procedures, or items of measuring a person ability, knowledge,
or performance in a given domain” Brown, 2004:3.
The writer carried out the writing test in this research since the aim of this study is to investigate the students’ achievement in writing after having been
given the treatment. The writer particularly chose writing composition test to be implemented on this study. “The writing of a composition is a task which involves
the students in manipulating words in grammatically correct sentences and in linking those sentences to form a piece of continuous writing which successfully
communicate the writer’s thoughts and ideas on a certain topics” Heaton, 1974:127. Having gathered the data, then the students’ result was scored based
on a scoring guidance.
3.6 Procedure and Method of Data Collection
