person, place, and thing to the readers by fulfilling the five important points of writing including content, grammar, organization, vocabulary, and mechanics.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
1. Population
A population is the large groups to which one hopes to apply the result.
4
It means that population is all of the total number of research subject. In this research, the
population was taken from all the students of SMPN 1 Karya Penggawa Pesisir Barat at the Eighth Grade in 20162017 Academic Year. The number of population is 166
students in the eighth grade. It can be seen in the table below:
Table 4 The table of population based on the number and gender of eighth grade at SMPN 1
Karya Penggawa Pesisir Barat in 20162017 Academic Year Clases
Gender Total
Female Male
VIII A 20
10 30
VIII B 18
12 30
VIII C 16
14 30
VIII D 20
11 31
Total 74
47 121
Source: the data of total students of the eighth grade in SMPN 1 Karya Penggawa Pesisir Barat in 20162017 Academic Year.
4
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, Op.Cit, p. 90
2. Sample
Lodico, Dean, and Katherine states that sample is a smaller group selected from a larger population that is representative of the larger population.
5
So it can be concluded that sample is smaller group as part of population and it is also chosen as
representative data of whole population. The sample in this research is a part population of the eight grade of SMPN 1 Karya Penggawa Pesisir Barat. In this
research, the writer used a sampling technique called cluster random sampling because the classes are homogenous and the sample from group or class. The sample
of the research was taken from VIII A class. It can be seen appendix 14.
3. Sampling Technique
In this research, the writer was used cluster random sampling as sampling technique. The selection of groups, or clusters, of subjects rather than individuals is known as
cluster random sampling.
6
Cluster random sampling is similar to simple random sampling expect that groups rather than individuals are randomly selected that is, the
sampling unit is a group rather than an individual. The advantages of cluster random sampling are that it can be used when it is often far easier to implement in schools,
and it is frequently less time-consuming. It is disadvantage is that there is a far greater chance of selecting a sample that is not representative of the population.
7
It can be concluded cluster random sampling is procedure of sampling that uses a group as
5
Marguerite G. Lodico, Dean T. Spaulding and Katherine H. Voegtle, Op.Cit, p. 143
6
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, Op.Cit, p. 95
7
Ibid.
