The validity of simple present tense mastery sheet and writing descriptive text sheet were given to the English teacher as a validator. Validity was conducted in order to
see clarity of the aspect, direction of the test and to see clarity of the items. The consultation was conducted before the try out that was held on September 30
th
, 2016. The English teacher said that the instrument or items covered each aspect in the test
10 specification in simple present tense mastery test. Each of the items also was suitable with the aspect in simple present tense mastery test, it can be seen in
appendix 8 and 9.
c. Internal Validity Internal validity is observed differences on the dependent variable are directly related
to the independent variable, and not due to some other unintended variable.
16
It means that internal validity is used to evaluated whether variables affect each other.
To determine whether variables affect, the writer needs to do a treatment try out.
17
In this research, try out the test was conducted on October 7
th
, 2016. The try out the test was prepared in form of multiple choice questions in 50 items of simple present tense
mastery test. The result of validity analysis shows that there were 40 items from 50 items.
Based on the result obtained in the anates, the result of validity test for simple present tense mastery test showed that there were 40 items considered valid they were 1, 2, 3,
16
Jack R. Fraenkel and Norman E. Wallen, Op. Cit, p. 166
17
Ag. Bambang Setiyadi, Op. Cit, pp. 126-127
4, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50 items number. And the result of
validity test for simple present tense mastery test also show that there were 10 items considered invalid they were 25, 28, 33, 36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46 items number.
Finally, the total valid items in try out were 40 items to second step as instrument for test. The result of validity analysis for simple present tense mastery test can be seen
appendix 18 and 19.
2. Reliability of the Test
Fraenkel and Wallen say that reliability refers to the consistency of the scores obtained-how consistent they are for each individual from one administration of an
instrument to another and from one set of items to another.
18
A good test must have high reliability besides having high validity. To get the reliability of the tests the
writer used anates and inter rater. Anates was used by the writer to know the reliability of multiple choice test and inter rater was used to know the reliability of
writing test, it was done by two raters; English teacher and writer, the score of two raters are summed up and then divided into two. The statistical formula for counting
the reliability is variants formula as follows: � = −
6 ∑
D
� �
2
−
18
Ibid, p. 154
Notes: � = the number of rank order correlation rho
6 and 1 = constant number D = difference of rank correlation D = R1
– R2 N = the number students.
Furthermore, the criteria of reliability used to know the degree or the level of the reliability of writing test. The criteria as follows:
Table 7 Criteria of Reliability
0.800 – 1.000
Very high 0.600
– 0.800 High
0.400 – 0.600
Medium 0.200
– 0.400 Low
0.00 – 0.200
Very low
19
Based on the result obtained in the Anates of reliability that reliability test in simple present tense mastery was 0.92 and writing descriptive text was 0.87. It can be
concluded that reliability of simple present tense mastery was very high, reliability of writing descriptive text was high and both of them were reliable. It can be seen in
appendix 10 and 19.
19
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2006, p. 319
3. Readability of the Test
Readability test are indicator that measure how easy the direction and instruction can be read and understood. For evaluators, readability statistics can be solid predicators
of the language difficulty level or particular document. The essential information in an evaluation document should be easily understandable.
20
Kouname’s research used to know readability of the students’ writing ability in descriptive text test instrument.
The participants asked to evaluate instructions and understandability of each item on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 describes an item that is easy to read and 10 describes an
item that is difficult to read.
21
The questions was tested individually. The questionnaire for readability was attached and the result of readability test was 1.77.
based on the category, the readability of writing descriptive text test was easy to read. It can be seen in appendix 11 and 12.
K. Data Analysis
1. Prerequisite Test
a. Normality Test
The Normality test are supplementary to the graphical assessment of normality.
22
It means that normality is used to know whether the data have normal distribution or not. In this
research the writer used statistical computation by using SPSS Statistical Package for Social
20
Julien B. Kouame, Using Readability Test to Improve the Accuracy of Evaluation Documents Intended For Low-Literate Paarticipants, Journal of Multy Desciplinary Evaluation, Vol.6,
Number 1 ISSN 1556-8180 August 2010, http:www.jmde.com, retrieved on April 2
nd
, 2016
21
Ibid.
22
Asghar Ghasemi, Saleh Zahediasl, Normality Tests for Statistical Analysis: A Guide for Non-Statisticians, International Journal, Tehran: Int J Endocrinol Metab 2012, p. 2,
http:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, retrieved on October 11
th
, 2016
