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For example: - I do not play football every day.
- You do not play football every day. - They do not play football every day.
- He does not play football every day. - She does not play football every day.
ominal The negative sentence in nominal type is formed my adding “not” after the
‘to be’. Subject + Am Is Are depends on the subject
For example: - I am not smart.
- You are not smart. - They are not smart.
- He is not smart. - She is not smart.
3. Interrogative Statement of Simple Present Tense The interrogative form is also using auxiliary do and does and they are
placed before the subject in order to for an interrogative sentence. Verbal
Do does not + subject + V1 + … ? For example:
- Do you play football every day?
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- Do they play football every day? - Does he play football every day?
- Does she play football every day? ominal
Am Is Are not + subject + … ? For example
- Are you smart? - Are they smart?
- Is he smart? - Is she smart?
2. Past Tense
a. Definition, Function and Types of Past Tense Past tense is a tense used to describe actions or events which took place in
the past or the used of the past form to refer to past events. While Wren and Martin defined a verb that refers to past time is said to be in the past tense. It
should be clear from the definition that past tense is used to indicate something that happened in the past and this is showed by the past form of the verb. Wren
and Martin mentioned the past tense has the four forms; they are simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous tenses. Two of them which
are simple past and past continuous which are the focus of this study are discussed in details in the following sub section.
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b. Simple Past Tense According to Weiner 1990:74, simple past tense describes an action or
situation that began and ended in the past.Simple past tense is classified into two types which are the simple tense in regular verb and the one in irregular verb.
Firstly, for the regular verb, the past form is made by adding –EDD to the verb. The example are walked, worked, opened …. For irregular verbs, the past
forms are more or less idiosyncratic, the example are write-wrote, catch-caught. The same form is used for all people except with the verb “be” was and were. It
is depend on the subject. Was is used for I, she, he, it and were used for you, we, they. egative statements and yes no questions in the simple past tense included
the word “did” and “did not” and the verb form used is the simple form of the verb.
1. Affirmative Statement of Simple Past Tense The affirmative statement of the simple past tense has similar or almost the
same formula as the simple present tense. The difference is, if the simple present tense uses V1 then simple past tense uses V2.
Verbal Subject + V2 regular irregular
For example irregular: - I played football yesterday.
- You slept in my house two days ago. - We kicked a ball an hour ago.
- He drank a lot of water this morning.
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- She borrowed my money a month ago. As you can see from the examples above, you see regular and irregular
verbs. Regular: played, kicked, borrowed, and irregular: slept and drank. ominal
Subject + was were For example:
- I was lazy. - You were lazy.
- They were lazy. - He was lazy.
- She was lazy.
2. egative Statement of Simple Past Tense Unlike the negative statement of simple present tense which includes ‘do
not does not’, the negative statement of the simple past tense includes only ‘did not’. And for the nominal sentence, ‘to be’ is used to cover the job of verbs.
Verbal Subject + did did not + V1
For example: - I did notplay football yesterday.
- You did not play football yesterday. - They did notplay football yesterday.
- He did notplay football yesterday.
2
- She did notplay football yesterday. ominal
Subject + was were + not For example:
- I was not lazy. - You were not lazy.
- They were not lazy. - She was not lazy.
3. Interrogative statement of simple past tense The interrogative form of simple past tense is also using only one auxiliary
which is ‘did’ and it is placed before the subject in order to for an interrogative sentence.
Verbal Did + subject + V11 + … ?
For example: - Did you play football yesterday?
- Did they play football yesterday? - Did she play football yesterday?
- Did he play football yesterday? ominal
ominal Was were + subject + adjective?
For example:
