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3.3 Data Collection
In collecting the data, there are two kinds of data, primary data and secondary data. Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus
happen to be original in character while secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the
statistical process. Kothari, 2004: 95. In order to collect the primary data, the writer read the novel several times in
order to get more understanding about the novel, underlined the important data in the novel that related to the impact of industrial revolution on children. The important
data must be selected in order to support the analysis of the impact of industrial revolution on children and secondary data was gathered from several books which
are related to the topic of this thesis. The writer collected the data which give understanding with the problem and objective of this thesis. Some of data and
information are also found from internet to support the analysis data.
3.4 Data Analysis
After all the data and information that related to the topics of this thesis are collected, then data will be selected. The data will be selected and only the
significant data are used in the process of finishing this thesis. The data that will be selected are related to the topic about industrial revolution and its impact on children.
All the collected and selected data which related to the topic are analyzed by using sociology of literature theory to achieve the objective of this thesis. The writer makes
the interpretation based on the data which has been already taken and finally the writer can create the conclusion for this thesis.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING
It is really important to discuss about industrial revolution because it was a great turning point which happened in the world yet it brought many negative
impacts toward society and the worst one was children exploitation. Actually, the impact of industrial revolution did not fall upon children directly. There were some
social impacts that happened before the impact fell upon children. Before explaining about children exploitation, it will be better if we know the historical background
that fore grounded children exploitation during industrial revolution. England had a quick advancement during industrial revolution era in 18
th
until 19
th
century. The transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. The advancement was getting
quicker after Joseph Kay succeeded in creating a weaving machine which could work faster and arranged the cloth’s width in 1733.
Despite of weaving machine, the invention which brought a great impact during industrial revolution was steam
engine which was invented by James Watt in 1782. With the invention of steam engine, many industries started to be moved by machine. With all those
advancement, industrial revolution brought many positive impacts which able to improve the quality of life.
Behind the greatness of industrial revolution, there were many social problems which happened during industrial revolution. One of those social problems
was children exploitation. Children exploitation had become the worst impact of industrial revolution. It is impossible to explain about children exploitation without
knowing the root of the problem. By knowing the root of the problem, we can
31 understand that one problem has a relation with other problem. It is like a chain
reaction. The root of those social problems during industrial revolution was
urbanization. Industrial revolution had created a new urban life style which attracted many villagers to seek their own fortune in industrialized city. According to
Fitzgerald 2000 in his journal entitled Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery that industrial revolution accelerated the
growth of the urban population. Industrialization drew thousands of people to the urban areas in search of employment. Many cities were completely unprepared for
the great influx of workers. Because of urbanization, there were many new terms that appeared during industrial revolution era like worker, slum area, and children
trafficking. Besides, urbanization also caused another social problem like poverty, and also children exploitation.
4.1 The Negative Impacts of Industrial Revolution in Oliver Twist
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