26
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods of the study to solve the problems formulated in chapter I. This study is intended to answer: How Paulo and Chris
are portrayed in the novel? And what is the true meaning of Paulo‘s journey as
seen in the novel as seen in Paulo Coelho ‘s The Valkyries?
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study is The Valkyries, one of the most popular novels of Paulo Coelho. It was published in 1996 by Harper Collins Publisher and later
became the bestseller. The novel was first printed and bound in Brazil by Editora Rocca Ltd. The novel consists of 212 pages. The story is narrated through the
third person point of view. The events narrated in the novel occurred on September 5 and October 17, 1988.
B. Approach of the Study
This study uses a psychological approach. The psychological approach is used to answer the formulated question. This approach can help the writer to
understand the two main characters‘ personalities better and the meaning of their
forty-day journey in the Mojave Desert. The psychological approach is also useful for the writer to find the extrinsic aspects of the novel or the deeper meaning.
27
C. Method of the Study
The method used in the study was library research. Two kinds of data were used; they were the primary and the secondary data. The primary datum was the
novel itself, Paulo Coelho‘s The Valkyries. The secondary data were books and articles on theories and reviews used in the analysis. There are steps in conducting
the research. The first step was to select a literary work that was going to be analysed. The second step was the technical reading of the novel as fundamental
step before continuing to the further analysis. As the object of this study, the authoritative text of the novelette as obtained from the 1996
‘s of Paulo Coelho‘s The Valkyries,
by Harper Collins Publisher London is used. The reading is conducted to recognize the data; especially, those dealing with the main
characters, Paulo and Chris‘ journey.
The third step was deciding the topic to be analysed. The writer concluded the analysis into two problem formulation. After formulating the research
questions related to the topic and finding the appropriate approach for the analysis, the next step was to find the secondary data related to the topic or
problems, which would be analysed. In this step, the writer found the secondary data from books and online references as stated above. The next step was
analysing and answering the research questions. In this step, the writer tried to answer the research question using the primary and secondary data.
In the analysis, the writer was applying the secondary and primary data to analyse Paulo and Chris, the main characters and their journey by observing their
attitudes, actions, beha viour, conversations, or others‘ opinion towards them.
28 Then, the writer gave some explanations on the characters. Afterwards, the
theories and the psychological approach were used to answer the research question. The theory of character, method of characterization, and theory of
psychology and psychological approach were used to answer the first research question. While the theory of motivation, theory of symbol, and theory of love
were used to answer the second research question. The last step was to conclude the study of the novel. In this step, the writer
concluded the findings as the result of the analysis and gave some suggestions to the future researchers who want to analyse
Paulo Coelho‘s The Valkyries.
29
CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION
Kategori