4 the senior high schools that has focused to teach the four English skills. In teaching
English, the teacher integrates speaking with listening while reading integrates with writing.
Speaking is taught through some activities such as through role play and conversation. However, the teacher needs kinds of activity that can grasp the
students’ attention and motivate the students to speak. From the observation, the students tend to be passive and afraid when they are asked to speak in English. Those
are the main reasons why the researcher is interested in conducting the study. Therefore, this study is aimed to design supplementary speaking materials using
experiential learning for the tenth grade students of senior high school. The researcher chooses the tenth grade students of senior high school because
it is expected that the students will have strong basics of English since it is better for students to practice speaking from the very beginning as well as high motivation to
learn English. Since SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta has applied School-Based Curriculum 2006 which means the teachers have to design and find the materials by
themselves, these materials are supposed to be an alternative for the teachers in teaching speaking skill and enrich the variety of materials choices for the teachers.
Hopefully, the designed materials will provide more interesting and beneficial materials than they had before.
B. Problem Formulation
The problem in this study can be formulated as follows: “What is the design of supplementary speaking materials using experiential learning
for the tenth grade students of senior high school?”
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C. Problem Limitation
This study is a research in English Language Teaching ELT area that investigates the problems which encounter in speaking class. This study is limited by
designing teaching learning material of speaking class using experiential learning.
D. Research Objectives
This study is conducted to answer the question stated in the problem formulation. Thus, the objective of this study is to design supplementary speaking
materials using experiential learning for the tenth grade students of senior high school.
E. Research Benefits
The researcher hopes that this study can give benefits to: 1.
The English Teacher of Senior High School It is expected that this study can be useful for the English teachers of Senior
High School in teaching speaking. Moreover, this study will help them in developing the speaking materials for the tenth grade students of Senior High School.
2. The students of Senior High School
It is expected that by applying this study, the students of Senior High School will be more interested in English, especially in speaking. It is hoped that they will
have more motivation in learning English. Further, hopefully, by using experiential learning, they can improve their speaking achievement.
6 3.
The researcher The researcher expected that this study can be useful to enhance her
knowledge about teaching English in Indonesia, especially in makingchoosing the materials to teach. It is also hoped that the researcher can apply her knowledge that
she has got from her study.
4. Other researchers
This study will hopefully become a stimulus to encourage them to be more creative to produce better materials in the future.
F. Definition of Terms
The followings are some definitions of terms which are used by the writer in writing this study.
1. Design
According to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 2000: 358, design is an outline from which something may be made. Design is defined as a developed plan
to guide educational activity in a situation O Houle, 1978: 230. The term design in this study refers to developed plan of speaking materials based on experiential
learning. 2.
Speaking Nunan 2003: 48 states speaking as “the productive auraloral skill.” This
skill consists of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning. In the speaking process, the speaker produces the message and the hearer receives
7 Widdowson, 1979: 59. In this study, speaking is used for communicative intents,
i.e. to communicate with others. 3.
Experiential Learning Experiential learning is the process of making meaning from direct
experience Itin, 1999: 91-98. According to Kohonen 2001: 22, experiential learming is a wide range of educational approaches in which formal learning in
institutional contexts is integrated with practical work and informal learning. Experiential Learning is described as ‘learning from experience’ or ‘learning through
experience. In this study, experiential learning is when the students are given a chance to acquire and apply knowledge, skills, and feelings in an immediate and
relevant setting. Here experience plays a significant role in learning. 4.
Senior High School Senior High School is the same as SMA Sekolah Menengah Atas in
Indonesia. It is divided into three grades. They are the tenth, the eleventh, and the twelfth grade students. Generally, students enter Senior high School after they have
passed junior High School at the age 15 years old above. Those who enter Senior High School after passing Junior High School are called as the tenth grade Students.
In this study, the subjects are the tenth grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta.
5. Supplementary Materials
The word “supplementary” is the adjective form of the verb “supply.” In Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary Hornby, 1995: 1200 supply means “to give
something that can be added to something else to improve or to complete it.” Thus,
8 supplementary means addition of something to improve something else. In this study,
supplementary means speaking materials which is designed to improve or to develop the existing speaking materials used in the classroom.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
