Set Induction Teaching Learning Activities and Resources

59 Continued from page 58 4 Narrative Telling fairy tale story 5 Invitation Inviting others to come to certain event 6 Narrative Telling fable 7 Descriptive Describing family members 8 News item Informing important event which happen in school

E. Teaching Learning Activities and Resources

This was adapted from the sixth step of Kemp’s instructional design model. In this study, the teaching learning activities were selected from variety resources. The materials resources were from books and internet sites. The researcher selected teaching learning activities based on the results of research and information collecting. The researcher developed and varied the activities based on the fact showed in questionnaire distributed to the tenth grade students of SMA Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta and the interview with a tenth grade English teacher. Adapting the concept of experiential learning cycle Kolb, 1984: 42, there were five main sections in the designed materials. The five sections were Introduction, Concrete Experience, Reflective Observation, Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experimentation. Further discussions of each part were as follows.

1. Set Induction

This part actually was not belonging to experiential learning cycle. However, the researcher put it as the first part of the designed materials in order to motivate the students’ interest in a topic and to direct the students to the main topic that is going to 60 be learnt. This part also activates the students’ knowledge about a topic in each unit. In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Warm up 2. Concrete Experience This part contains activities that can develop the students’ skills in speaking. This part consisted of activities that motivate the students to experience and use the language by themselves. There are some activities used in this part such as playing game, watching a video, listening to a recording, and interviewing friends. In this part, the teacher monitors and encourages the students to participate in the activities. In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Experience 3. Reflective Observation This part contains reflection task of the two previous activities. In this part the students look back on their participation in the previous activities. The function of this part is to know the students’ perception on the lesson and also their difficulties and strengths. What the students do in this activity is sharing with their friends using reflection questions through group discussion or class discussion. In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Share 4. Abstract Conceptualization This part contains the task that must be completed by the students. The function of this task is to construct the theory of the topic that they learn. The task used in this part is question and answer. This part was named with Let’s Practice 5. Active Experimentation This part contains speaking task for the students in order to apply their knowledge and understanding that they have got from the previous four parts. 61 Performing a role play, performing a dialogue or conversation, telling a story, and interviewing friends are the activities in this part. In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Speak The activities were accomplished in the form of individual work, pair work, group work, and class discussion. Individual work was used to generate students’ ideas and thought as well as to evaluate their own performances. Furthermore, pair work, group work and class discussion were applied to increase students’ interaction and collaboration. The students had to share their ideas to different partners so that they could learn how to interact and negotiate with others. Moreover, the students could also learn from others’ experiences. The following table presented the learning activities of the designed materials. Table 4.6 The Learning Activities of the Designed Materials No Titles Learning Activities Learning Methods 1. Getting to Know Let’s Warm up Students identify the picture and answer the questions Class discussion Let’s Experience a. Students make questions based on the situation given b. Students play ‘bingo’ game c. Students introduce their friends using ‘bingo’ sheet Group work Class activity Individual work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Group work Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Introduction Class discussion Let’s Speak Students perform a conversation Pair work Continued to page 62 62 Continued from page 61 2. Great Vacation Let’s Warm up Students rank the activities that they did in weekend Individual work Let’s Experience a. Students make questions in asking others’ last vacation b. Students write their unforgettable vacation and then share it in front of class c. Students answer the questions about the generic structure of Recount text Group work Group work Individual work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Class discussion Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Recount text Group work Let’s Speak Students retell a story using their own words Individual work 3. I Can Make It Let’s Warm up Students write the examples of food cooked with certain cooking methods Individual work Let’s Experience a. Students complete the recipe based on the video b. Students answer the questions about the generic structure of Procedure text c. Students write their favorite recipe and tell it in front of class Individual work Pair work Individual work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Class discussion Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Procedure text Group work Let’s Speak Students perform a role play about cooking contest Group work Continued to page 63 63 Continued from page 62 4. Great Story Let’s Warm up Students guess the pictures by drawing line Individual work Let’s Experience a. Students write what the characters in the pictures did b. Students arrange the jumbled pictures based on the recording c. Students retell the story using their own words Group work Individual work Group work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Class discussion Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Narrative text Class discussion Let’s Speak Students perform conversation of the characters in ‘three little pigs’ Group work 5. Go with Me? Let’s Warm up Students rank the activities they did in weekend Individual work Let’s Experience a. Students write the expressions of inviting friends b. Students invite their friends using the expressions c. Students answer the questions about inviting friends Pair work Class activity Individual work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Group work Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Invitation Class discussion Let’s Speak Students perform a dialogue of inviting friends Pair work Continued to page 64 64 Continued from page 63 6. My Favorite Fable Let’s Warm up Students identify the pictures and answer the questions Individual work Let’s Experience a. Students arrange the jumbled pictures of ‘the tortoise and hare’ based on the background knowledge b. Students compare the jumbled pictures based on the recording c. Students tell the story based on the tortoise side Individual work Individual work Pair work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Group work Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about Fable Class discussion Let’s Speak a. Students create a story ‘the race between the hare and the frog’ b. Students tell the story in font of class Group work Group work 7. My Dad Let’s Warm up Students write the adjectives of the picture Group work Let’s Experience a. Students complete the information of ‘Lottie’s Dad’ based on the recording b. Students guess the photo of Lottie’s Dad c. Students retell the description of Lottie’s Dad using their own words Individual work Individual work Group work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Group work Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about descriptive text Class discussion Let’s Speak a. Students describe their dad then draw the picture of their dad b. Students draw their partner’s dad based on the description Pair work Pair work Continued to page 65 65 Continued from page 64 8. School Punishment Let’s Warm up Students identify the pictures and answer the questions Class discussion Let’s Experience a. Students brainstorm what they know about school punishment b. Students complete the information based on the recording c. Students answer the questions about the generic structures of News item d. Students interview their friends about their perception on how to treat the misbehaving students Group work Individual work Individual work Group work Let’s Share Students share their perception on the previous lesson Group work Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about News item text Class discussion Let’s Speak Students interview their partner using three questions about how to treat the students who break the school regulation Pair work

F. Materials Feedbacks and Revision