59 Continued from page 58
4 Narrative
Telling fairy tale story 5
Invitation Inviting others to come to certain event
6 Narrative Telling
fable 7
Descriptive Describing family
members 8
News item Informing important event which happen in school
E. Teaching Learning Activities and Resources
This was adapted from the sixth step of Kemp’s instructional design model. In this study, the teaching learning activities were selected from variety resources.
The materials resources were from books and internet sites. The researcher selected teaching learning activities based on the results of research and information
collecting. The researcher developed and varied the activities based on the fact showed in questionnaire distributed to the tenth grade students of SMA Pangudi
Luhur Yogyakarta and the interview with a tenth grade English teacher.
Adapting the concept of experiential learning cycle Kolb, 1984: 42, there were five main sections in the designed materials. The five sections were
Introduction, Concrete Experience, Reflective Observation, Abstract Conceptualization
and Active Experimentation. Further discussions of each part were as follows.
1. Set Induction
This part actually was not belonging to experiential learning cycle. However, the researcher put it as the first part of the designed materials in order to motivate the
students’ interest in a topic and to direct the students to the main topic that is going to
60 be learnt. This part also activates the students’ knowledge about a topic in each unit.
In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Warm up 2.
Concrete Experience
This part contains activities that can develop the students’ skills in speaking. This part consisted of activities that motivate the students to experience and use the
language by themselves. There are some activities used in this part such as playing game, watching a video, listening to a recording, and interviewing friends. In this
part, the teacher monitors and encourages the students to participate in the activities.
In the designed materials, this part was named with Let’s Experience 3.
Reflective Observation
This part contains reflection task of the two previous activities. In this part the students look back on their participation in the previous activities. The function
of this part is to know the students’ perception on the lesson and also their difficulties and strengths. What the students do in this activity is sharing with their friends using
reflection questions through group discussion or class discussion. In the designed
materials, this part was named with Let’s Share 4.
Abstract Conceptualization
This part contains the task that must be completed by the students. The function of this task is to construct the theory of the topic that they learn. The task
used in this part is question and answer. This part was named with Let’s Practice 5.
Active Experimentation
This part contains speaking task for the students in order to apply their knowledge and understanding that they have got from the previous four parts.
61 Performing a role play, performing a dialogue or conversation, telling a story, and
interviewing friends are the activities in this part. In the designed materials, this part
was named with Let’s Speak
The activities were accomplished in the form of individual work, pair work, group work, and class discussion. Individual work was used to generate students’
ideas and thought as well as to evaluate their own performances. Furthermore, pair work, group work and class discussion were applied to increase students’ interaction
and collaboration. The students had to share their ideas to different partners so that they could learn how to interact and negotiate with others. Moreover, the students
could also learn from others’ experiences. The following table presented the learning activities of the designed materials.
Table 4.6 The Learning Activities of the Designed Materials No Titles
Learning Activities
Learning Methods
1. Getting to Know
Let’s Warm up Students identify the picture and answer
the questions Class discussion
Let’s Experience
a. Students make questions based on
the situation given b.
Students play ‘bingo’ game c.
Students introduce their friends using ‘bingo’ sheet
Group work Class activity
Individual work
Let’s Share Students share their perception on the
previous lesson Group work
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Introduction Class discussion
Let’s Speak Students perform a conversation
Pair work Continued to page 62
62 Continued from page 61
2. Great Vacation
Let’s Warm up Students rank the activities that they did
in weekend Individual work
Let’s Experience a.
Students make questions in asking others’ last vacation
b. Students write their unforgettable
vacation and then share it in front of class
c. Students answer the questions about
the generic structure of Recount text Group work
Group work Individual work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Class discussion
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Recount text
Group work
Let’s Speak Students retell a story using their own
words Individual work
3. I Can
Make It
Let’s Warm up
Students write the examples of food cooked with certain cooking methods
Individual work
Let’s Experience a.
Students complete the recipe based on the video
b. Students answer the questions about
the generic structure of Procedure text
c. Students write their favorite recipe
and tell it in front of class Individual work
Pair work Individual work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Class discussion
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Procedure text
Group work
Let’s Speak Students perform a role play about
cooking contest Group work
Continued to page 63
63 Continued from page 62
4. Great Story Let’s Warm up
Students guess the pictures by drawing line
Individual work
Let’s Experience
a. Students write what the characters in
the pictures did b.
Students arrange the jumbled pictures based on the recording
c. Students retell the story using their
own words Group work
Individual work Group work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Class discussion
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Narrative text
Class discussion
Let’s Speak Students perform conversation of the
characters in ‘three little pigs’ Group work
5. Go with
Me?
Let’s Warm up
Students rank the activities they did in weekend
Individual work
Let’s Experience
a. Students write the expressions of
inviting friends b.
Students invite their friends using the expressions
c. Students answer the questions about
inviting friends Pair work
Class activity Individual work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Group work
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Invitation Class discussion
Let’s Speak Students perform a dialogue of inviting
friends Pair work
Continued to page 64
64 Continued from page 63
6. My Favorite
Fable
Let’s Warm up
Students identify the pictures and answer the questions
Individual work
Let’s Experience
a. Students arrange the jumbled
pictures of ‘the tortoise and hare’ based on the background knowledge
b. Students compare the jumbled
pictures based on the recording c.
Students tell the story based on the tortoise side
Individual work Individual work
Pair work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Group work
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
Fable Class discussion
Let’s Speak a.
Students create a story ‘the race between the hare and the frog’
b. Students tell the story in font of class
Group work Group work
7. My Dad
Let’s Warm up
Students write the adjectives of the picture
Group work
Let’s Experience
a. Students complete the information of
‘Lottie’s Dad’ based on the recording
b. Students guess the photo of Lottie’s
Dad c.
Students retell the description of Lottie’s Dad using their own words
Individual work Individual work
Group work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Group work
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
descriptive text
Class discussion
Let’s Speak a.
Students describe their dad then draw the picture of their dad
b. Students draw their partner’s dad
based on the description Pair work
Pair work
Continued to page 65
65 Continued from page 64
8. School Punishment
Let’s Warm up
Students identify the pictures and answer the questions
Class discussion
Let’s Experience
a. Students brainstorm what they know
about school punishment b.
Students complete the information based on the recording
c. Students answer the questions about
the generic structures of News item d.
Students interview their friends about their perception on how to
treat the misbehaving students Group work
Individual work Individual work
Group work
Let’s Share
Students share their perception on the previous lesson
Group work
Let’s Practice Students answer the questions about
News item text
Class discussion
Let’s Speak
Students interview their partner using three questions about how to treat the
students who break the school regulation Pair work
F. Materials Feedbacks and Revision