Review of Literature REVIEW OF LITERATURE, CONCEPTS, AND

Another research, which is related to this study, was done by Juliarta 2007 entitled The Meaning of Terchnical Terms Used in Football Game With Reference to Football Video Highlight. Problems discussed in that research were the meaning of technical terms and the lexicalization of the phrasal terms. The data of the research were taken from five video highlights of footbal game such as FIFA Fever, Manchester United Video Annual 2003, ARSENAL 20052006 Farewell to Highbury Season Review, Goal, and Soccer Drills Vol. 3. Theory applied in that research is the theory of meaning proposed by Lyons 1995 in analyzing the meaning, and theory proposed by Laurie Bauer 1983 to analyze the lexicalization of the phrasal terms. The theory proposed by Nida is also used to show the difference between terms and common words. He found that the meaning of technical terms in football game are identified into four categories, they are: i the referential denotational meaning, such as dribble, shot, block, etc, ii the ideational mentalistic meaning, such as assist, home, etc, iii the behaviorist meaning such as through pass and one two pass, iv the meaning is use meaning such as season and goal. It is also found that all the technical terms discussed in this study has lexicalization as the result of addition of semantic information. The strength of that study is that he can describe the meaning of the technical terms along with the lexicalization of the phrasal term, but lack of classification of jargon based on its kind. The relevance with this study is only in the topic discussed, but in order to cover the weakness of his study, this study will not only talk about the meaning of the jargon, but also its word formation process. There is also a study done by Yuniasih 2013 entitled An Analysis Of Jargon In Opera Van Java. Problems discussed in that research were the form, meaning, and function of jargon. The data of the research were taken from Opera Van Java program ‘s videos. Theory applied in that research is the theory proposed by Ives 1999 in analyzing the function of the jargon. She found that the form of jargon in Opera Van Java are identified into three instead of four categories, they are: i word, such as Prikitiew, Ngihuy, etc, ii phrase, such as Sami Sareng iii in form of abbreviation such as TKP. It is also found that the meaning of the jargon is classified as denotative and connotative meaning, also there are three functions of jargon, they are i Jargon can give a person a sense of belonging to a specific group, ii Jargon can also make it easier for a person to communicate with their friends, and iii Jargon as effective signals for identification. The strength of that study is that she focused on three things; form, meaning, and function of jargon, but there is only a little number of jargon that is found. The relevance of his work with this study is the topic discussed, but in order to cover the weakness of her study, this study will provide richer data. There is an article entitled ‗The Impact of Using Many Jargon Words, while Communicating with the Organization Employees ‘ written by Patoko and Yazdanifard 2014 in American Journal of Industrial and Business Management Volume 4. The study discuss about impact of using many jargon words while communicating with the organization employees especially because of the result of diverse cultures within organizations as well as different ways in which organization managers convey or communicate to their employees, such communication leads to conflicts and misunderstandings. Theory applied in that study were theory proposed by Nordquist 2014 in his writing entitled Jargon — Definition and Examples of Jargon and the theory proposed by Lauring and Selmer 2012 in their writing entitled Positive Dissimilarity Attitudes in Multicultural Organizations: The Role of Language Diversity and Communication Frequency, Corporate Communications. The result showed that many jargon words are being used in daily communication, but it becomes worthless when it gets in a way of communicating ideas or information, as a result, it tends to negatively impact the effective and efficient communication in the organization. Furthermore, the use of jargons makes employees feel irritated and left out, hence they end up misunderstanding whatever has been communicated to them and that affect individual productivity as well as the organization ‘s productivity and its profit margin. The relevance with this study is only in the topic discussed. Hirst 2003, in his writing entitled ‗Scientific Jargon, Good and Bad‘ in Technical Writing and Communication Volume 33 Suppl. 3 discussed about the classification of jargon into good and bad jargon. Theory applied in that study were theory proposed by Wilkinson 1992 in his book entitled Jargon and the Passive Voice: Prescriptions and Proscriptions for Scientific Writing and the theory proposed by Nash 1993 in his book entitled Jargon: Its Uses and Abuses. The result showed that there are two kinds of jargon, they are good jargon which is well-formed, well-used jargon, and bad jargon which is badly-used and ill- formed. For a variety of reasons, jargon are supercharged. Badly manufactured or mishandled, jargon can destroy understanding; made and handled expertly, they remove barriers to understanding; they carve out thought efficiently, quickly, precisely. The relevance with this study is only in the topic discussed.

2.2 Concepts

There are some concepts that will be presented in this study, namely: the concept of register, jargon, computing, filmmaking, morpheme, and meaning

2.2.1 Concept of Register

People may use different styles of language while communicating either in different place, and different situation. In a formal situation like when a president delivers a speech, the style used is very formal. In another situation like when talking with friends, people may use informal language. In Sociolinguistics the variety of language use is called as registers A register is a conventional way of using language that is appropriate in a specific context, which may be identified as situational e.g. in church, occupational e.g. among lawyers or topical e.g. talking about language Yule, 2006:210. It is a variety of a language used for a particular purpose or in a particular setting. Different setting needs different style of language which is considered as appropriate language. Hornby 2010 states that register are the level and style of a piece of writing or speech, that is supposed to be appropriate to the situation where it is being used. When in a formal situation an English speaker may be more likely to use features of prescribed grammar —such as pronouncing words ending in -ing with a velar nasal instead of an alveolar nasal e.g. walking, not walkin, choosing more formal words e.g. father vs. dad, child vs. kid, etc., and refraining from using words considered nonstandard, such as aint.

2.2.2 Concept of Jargon

Yule 2006:211 states that jargon is a special technical vocabulary e.g. plaintiff, suffix associated with a specific area of work or interest. It is a special vocabulary that is used by people among certain field of profession. It has a some kind of exclusive effect where the user who see themselves as ―insider‖ in some ways seem like excluding those who considered as the ―outsider‖ More specific, Akmajian 2001:302 states that jargon is special or technical vocabulary that evolves to meet the particular needs of the profession. It is a vocabulary that helps the communication of its user in order to point out a concept directly and precisely. It also helps to create and maintain connections among the users. According to Peter Ives 1999:2, ―For those who use jargon, it is a language which describes the world in which we live ‖. There is high demand of the usage of jargon in nowadays occupations. Using jargon also give benefits since it gives the user sense of belonging to specific group. Jargon also gives possibility for its user to have special language in a certain field, even it makes us easier to talk about a concept precisely.