28 Educational research and development RD is a process used to develop
and validate educational products Borg Gall, 1983:772. This study is also intended to develop and validate educational products for the tenth grade of
Senior High School Students. For thus, this study belongs to educational research and development.
B. Theoretical Framework
There are seven steps to take in designing the instructional materials based on the Multiple Intelligences theory. The steps are the combination of Kemp and
Yalden models. The steps are as follows.
1. Conducting Needs Survey
This step is adapted from Yalden instructional design model. In the study, the designing materials will be based on multiple intelligences theory for the tenth
grade of Senior High School students and conducting needs survey is the starting point in designing the materials. It is used to learn about the students’ needs. In
doing so, questionnaires were distributed to the students of the tenth grade of Senior High School and an informal interview was conducted for the tenth grade
English teacher of Senior High School.
2. Listing Standard Competences, Basic Competences, and Determining Topics
This step is adapted from Kemp model. It was used to determine the basic competences of the materials design based on the students’ need. The topics, then,
were chosen based on the necessity to achieve the goals. 2006 curriculum was used to determine the standard competences, basic competences, and topics.
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3. Determining Indicators
This step is adapted from Kemp instructional design model. Since multiple intelligences theory is used in the design materials, hence the materials should
contain the practice of developing multiple intelligences in order to achieve the
learning objectives of 2006 curriculum. 4. Choosing Teaching-Learning Activities Based on the Multiple Intelligence
Theory
The materials consist of the activities, which are based on the multiple intelligence theory. The step also shows the ways to develop the students’
multiple intelligences through various activities according to multiple intelligence
theory Kemp model. 5. Material Development
Material development consists of a communicative task based on multiple intelligences theory in which students use it to master English through their
speaking ability Kemp and Yalden models.
6. Evaluation
In Evaluation, the designed materials based on multiple intelligences theory are being analyzed by English lecturers and teachers. From the result of the
evaluation, there will be feedbacks to show whether or not the materials are appropriate and can be applied for the tenth grade students of Senior High School.
If the materials are far from the achievement standards, so some changes should be done in order to improve the result of the achievement of the students. There is
no such thing as perfect materials. They can always be improved Kemp and Yalden models.
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7. Revision
