Character Social learning Deal Decision

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1. Character

According to Hugh Holman and William Harmon, “character is a complicated term that includes tile idea of the moral constitution of the human personality, the presence of moral uprightness, and the simpler notion of the presence of creatures in art that seem to be human beings of one sort or another” 81. In this study, this term is used to determine Veronika’s character in Paulo Coelho’s Veronika Decides to Die.

2. Social learning

“ Social learning identifies learning as a dynamic interplay between the person, the environment, and behavior. According to Albert Bandura, social learning is also a theory of human development that says humans learn through observation of model behaviors and reinforcement for imitated behaviors” 237. This suggests that environment has an important role and influence on a persons behavior. Social learning emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. “Social learning theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences” 997. In this study, the term of social learning is used to explain the Veronika’s social learning. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 6

3. Deal

According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, the meaning of deal is “to manage with something”298. This term is used to determine how Veronika deals with her life.

4. Decision

According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, the meaning of decision is “an action of deciding” 301. Meanwhile, the word decision which is derived from the word decide can be defined as “between something or somebody to consider something and come to conclusion to make a decision. To settle a dispute an issue or a case, give judgment on something” 301. This term is used in order to help this study explains Veronika’s decision. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE