Motivation The Color Purple

11 Perine 1985 states that characterization categorized characters in two types: flat and round. A flat character is charcaterized by one or two traits; they can be summed up in a sentence. Though they touch life at only one or two points, may be made memorable in the hands of an expert author through some individualizing detail of appearance, gesture, or speech p. 67. Therefore, it can be concluded that flat characters have one ortwo personalities and they do not make any significant changes in the novel. Another type of character is round character. Different with flat character, round character has the complexity in it personality, mind and behaviour which leads to the difficulties to be understood in the story. According to Perinne 1985 states that round characters are complex and many-sided; theymight require and essay for full analysis and live by their veryroundeness, by the many points at which they touch life p. 68. Thus, it can be concluded that round character requires comprehensive exploration to reveal its possiblities of actual personality, mind or behavior as a subject or object in the novel. In a literary work such as a novel, the development of characters can be found. The development of character can be classified as static and dynamic. As Perrine 1985 states that a static character is one whose personality does not change throughout the events in the story p. 69. Meanwhile, dynamic character is one who goes through some sort of change. A little change from exact character whether it comes early, in the middle or in the end of the story is fairly enough to state that the character is dynamic p. 69. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 12

2. Theory of Characterization

Abrams 2009 defines characterization as a method of establishing the distinctive characteristics on characters in a literary work pp. 42-44. In addition to that, Bernado states that the characterization is the creation of image of imagery person in drama, narrative poetry, the novel, and the short story. Characterization generates the plot which revealed by the actions, speech, thought, physical appearances, and the other character s’ thoughts or words about him. Further, Murphy 1972 states that there are nine ways to describe a character’s characteristic:

a. Personal Description

What the author means by personal description is that the author can describe a character through his or her physical appearance. By understanding the physical description of the characters, the readers can imagine what kind of people the character is p. 161.

b. Characters as Seen by Others

Instead of describing a character direclty, the author can describe a character through other characters ’ opinion. In other words, the author describes the character from the point of view of people in the novel. A character also be judge by other character. Their judgment can help the readers to know personality of the character p.162.

c. Speech

Whenever a person speaks, involves in a conversation with another or puts forward an opinion, he is giving the reader some clues about his charcater.