Using comprehension as a means to speaking Using action-based drills in the imperative form
c. The activities
This method has simplicity as the most attractive features. Its strength lies in the internalization of the material covered. The teacher gives commands and the
students carry them out. The 4 basic types of TPR exercises are:
1 Single commands and descriptions.
2 Action series action sequences, dialogue, etc
3 Natural action dialogue role playing dialogue and skits.
4 Action role playing without prepare script.
28
4. The Principles of Total Physical Response
The Principles of TPR are very important to note and here some of them are determined by Diane Larsen-Freeman:
a. Meaning in target language can often be conveyed through action memory is
activated through learner response. b.
The students understanding of the target language should be developed before speaking.
c. The imperative is a powerful linguistics device through which the teacher can
direct students behavior. d.
Students should not be made to memorize fixed routines. e.
Spoken language should be emphasized over writen language. f.
Students are expected to make errors when they first begin to speak.
29
The writer may infer that the principles of Total Physical Response are the students understanding of the target language shoul be develop before they speak.
28
www.sil.orglingualinks LANGUAGE LEARNING, Ways to Approach Language Learning Total
Physical Response, October 12
th
, 2010
29
Diane Larsen – Freeman, Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching, China: Oxford
University Press, p.111-112
The teacher direct students behaviour use imprerative. Speaking are emphasized over writing. And The first begin to speak, students are expected to make errors.
5. The Advantages of Total Physical Response
Some advantages of using Total Physical Response in teaching prepositions are:
1.
It is fun and easy. Students will enjoy getting up out of their chairs and moving around.
2.
Simple TPR activities do not require a great deal of preparation on the part of the teacher. However, some other more complex applications might.
3.
It is good for kinaesthetic learners who need to be active in the class.
4.
It is a good tool for building vocabulary.
5.
It is memorable. Actions help strengthen the connexions in the brain.
6.
Class size need not be a problem.
7.
TPR seems to work effectively for children and adults. There is no age barrier. according to Asher.
30
8.
It is totally flexible. For example the teacher takes little steps to make learners pace.
9.
It is relaxing for students and students learn at their own pace.
10.
There is rapid understanding and long-term retention of new language.
31
Based on the citations above, the writer sees that the advantages of TPR are it can elicit fun and make students and can to be active in the class. And it can be
relaxing for students while students learn at their own pace.
6. The Disadvantages of Total Physical Response
