their interaction with software does not always promote the greatest amount of learning”.
Control profile for language learning software is important to be decided. Boling and Soo 1999 proposed four user control profiles, namely high teacher
control, high learning control, moderate teacher control, and moderate learner control. According to explanation of each control, the developed materials belong
to high teacher control. high teacher control: The teacher structures the content, pacing, and
sequence. When the language learners are novices with little or no prior knowledge of the content and have to start with the very basics the
subjects, it may be appropriate for you to control content, pacing, and
sequence in order to reduce learners‟ anxiety and ensure that they have opportunity to learn. Boling Soo, 1999, p.446
Although the developed materials are high teacher control, learner autonomy is supported through the activities provided, such as in the Production
stage and Reflection section. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
89
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter presents the conclusions and the suggestions from the study. The conclusion section summaries the research results which answer the research
questions. Meanwhile, the suggestion section is dedicated to the relevant parties as a follow-up to improve the current study.
A. Conclusions
Two research questions were addressed in this study, namely 1 what does the PowerPoint-based English materials for elementary school students look
like and 2 what pedagogical aspects of CALL are dominant in the developed materials. To answer the first research question, the researcher developed the
materials following R D cycle by Borg and Gall 1983 in which the steps are specified following the System Approach Model by Dick and Carey 2001. The
materials consist of PowerPoint presentation, teacher‟s manual, and student‟s
book. The PowerPoint presentation consists of three lessons which is started with Title and Learning Objectives. Each lesson consists of Presentation, Practice,
Production, Review, and Reflection. The second research question is about the pedagogical aspects of CALL by
Egbert and Hanson-Smith 2007. Based on the data from questionnaires and classroom observation, all of the eight pedagogical aspects are dominant in the
developed materials. Those aspects are interaction x̅ = 4.6, authentic audience
x̅ = 4.7, authentic tasks x̅ = 4.5, varied and creative language x̅ = 4.7, time and feedback
x̅ = 4.1, mindful learning process x̅ = 4.7, ideal classroom atmosphere
x̅ = 4.5, and learner autonomy x̅ = 4.1. In general the designed PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
product already follows the principles of materials development by Tomlinson 1998. Thus, it is hoped that the materials could give a model of how
PowerPoint-based materials should be developed.
B. Suggestions
The PowerPoint-based materials were designed considering young lear
ners‟ nature which is different from adult learners. As presented in the research result, the students found the learning process in the classroom using the
designed product was more fun. Thus, it is necessary for English teachers for young learners to kno
w and consider young learners‟ nature in preparing and delivering learning materials. In addition, as PowerPoint is a common tool that is
already widely used, English teachers are encouraged to develop their own materials utilizing this technology. Also, as technology develops, there are many
affordable tools that can be integrated in the teaching and learning of English. As mentioned by Borg et al. 2001, R D projects require substantial
resources so that it is best to conduct a small-scale project. In conducting the study, the researcher scaled down the project by avoiding expensive instructional
media and limiting the development to just a few steps of the R D cycles. Thus, for further researchers who plan to conduct an R D project, it is better to choose
a small scale project, unless they are able to find financial and personnel support and have much time dealing with it. For future researchers who have sufficient
time and supports, a whole cycle of R D is recommended. Moreover, to know whether their product will be used by the users, e.g. in the teaching learning
process, a user acceptance test should be conducted. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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