language. Second is historical corpus. It aims to present an earlier stage of a language. Third is a regional corpus. It aims to present one regional variety of a
language. Fourth is a learner corpus. It aims to present the language as produced by learners of this language. Fifth is a multilingual corpus. It aims to present
several, at least two, different languages, often with the same text types. Sixth is a spoken corpus. It aims to present spoken language.
This research is a corpus based research because it is used a corpus based approach in the analysis. It uses the electronic database in analyzing the data. One
of the characteristics of corpus based research is the use of large and representative electronic database of spoken and written texts Biber Conrad,
2001. Moreover, all the methodology used in this research fulfills the characteristics of corpus based analysis as identified by Biber, Conrad and Reppen
2002. The characteristics are analyzing natural texts, utilizing large and principled collection of natural texts, use of computer for analysis technique.
Moreover, Bennet 2010: 4 explains that a corpus provides answers to question “What are the most frequent words and phrases in English?” It is in line with the
research question in this research. Moreover, Bennet 2010: 4 explains that a corpus provides answers to question “What are the most frequent words and
phrases in English?” It is in line with the research question in this research.
B. Nature of Data
The data used in this research drawn from RANGE and the FREQUENCY program. RANGE is used to analyze the vocabulary coverage; while word
recycling uses the FREQUENCY program. Those programs are created by Paul
Nation. They are chosen because they are the most suitable program to support this research. Moreover, they provide a
program to identify word size and word recycled. The data got from Junior High School textbook grade seven
entitled English in Focus. In this research, the researcher does not use instrument because the data has been provided from Junior High School textbook. The
textbook used in this research is curriculum 2006 or KTSP. This book was published by department national education of Indonesia. Moreover, all of public
schools in Indonesia use this book for their handbook.
C. Data Analysis
The data were analyzed qualitatively. The qualitative analysis was mainly used in this research to answer both first and second research question which were
used in counting for word size and word recycled the frequency of occurrence. As McEnery and Wilson 2001 explain, the use of qualitative analysis is to assist
the understanding of the rarity or frequency of words in current usage in English. In the analysis of word size and word recycled, a number of steps were involved.
The first step was found the soft copy of Junior High School textbook. The second step was to convert the textbook from .pdf format into .txt format. Thirdly, the
researcher analyzed the .txt format of textbook using concordance program. The RANGE and FREQUENCE program are downloadable from internet were used in
analyzing and identifying word size and word repetition. Concerning the word size in Junior High School textbook, the researcher
used the RANGE program. This was done for identifying how many words used in the textbooks. Concerning the recycled of usage in Junior High School
textbook, the researcher indentified how many words were recycled in the textbook. To arrive at the number, the word size and recycled count were
employed. Firstly, the researcher looked at the numbers of words used in the textbook. It is used to know how many words learnt by the students. Secondly, the
researcher looked at the frequency of occurrences of each word in the textbook. Later, the researcher counted a total of occurrences in all words to find out what
word has higher frequency use. For the purpose of easy understanding, the occurrences were computed in percentage as McEnery and Wilson 2001: 83
point out that “most people find it easier to understand and compare figures such as percentage than fraction of unusual numbers”.
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
