based on the first chapter of the book entitled “The Negro and Language”. The second idea is about the Blacks and discrimination. The idea is referred from
threechapters entitled “The Negro and Psychopathology”, “Black and Recognition” and “The Fact of Blackness”. The two aspects are explained below.
1. The Use of Language
Language is a part of cultures. Language and culture are actually two things connected to each other. Fanon believes that language is a component of culture,
the most important among others. With language, the contact and the social intercourse between cultures becomes possible.In colonial society, languageplays
its part as a communication breakdown between the Blacks and the Whites. Fanon believes that the black people have double dimension. It means that
they have two dimensions in language terms. A black man will speak differently to a white man and to another black man. Fanon calls that a self-division as
theeffect of colonialist subjugation 2008:8. Furthermore, he adds that language supports the weight of a civilization, so that to speak means to be in a position
where a speaker uses a certain syntax to grasp the morphology of some languages Fanon, 2008:8.
A man who has a language possesses the world expressed and implied by that language. Fluently speaking ofthe language brings remarkable power. However,
using this power is employed by the colonizer in order to make their position as the fluent speaker of the language is superior than the colonized. Hence, for the
Blacks, by being able to speak the language of the colonizer is considered as the card of entry to the more cultural life among the Whites. It will be like this: a
black man who masters French language becomes more French, more white, and less black. Thus, the black peoplewould tend to think that the native language is
somewhat below standard. Dealing with language, Fanon 2008: 19 believes that theblack people always
encounter problems. He states the colonial environment product is a thing called ‘arsenal of complexes’. It is such as how Whites behaves to Blacks. Whites
always make the Blacks talk in their own language, as the white people call it ‘to make the Blacks look good’. Fanon 2008: 22 thinks to make the Blacks talk
pidgin is to fasten him to effigy of him, to snare him, and to imprison him. The language of the colonizer is a parameter of civilization, unlike the
colonized ones. The colonizer does not want the Black to fluently speak their language, so the colonizer treats them merely as foreigners and surely the standard
must be different. A black man who is able to quote a scholar’s saying should be watched. It means that having a smart black man in a colonized area means it is a
threat to the colonizer. Finding a well educated black man with a proper education harms the fixed concept created by the colonizer: the fixed concept is that the
Blacks must be uneducated no other than that. “They are the instances in which the educated Negro suddenly discovers that he is rejected by a civilization which
he has none the less assimilated.” Fanon, 2008: 69. It becomes a pressure for the Blacks to acquire the language of civilization
because they feel that talking in their own language means they are degrading into a lower level. Thus, the use of the colonized language for them means to be equal
with the Whites Fanon, 2008: 14. In contrast, their struggle only leads to another
matter. For the Whites, the Blacks must remain on the mindset that they are nothing, and they need to put an end to the narcissism on which they rely in order
to imagine that they are different from the other Blacks Fanon, 2008: 12. A black is forever on the dignity as a slave of her or his own appearance, and
acquiring the language of the colonized only showing inferiority. A black man who adopts a language different from that of the group into which he was born is
an evidence of dislocation, a separation Fanon, 2008: 14. He views that the change of the use of language is a personality change. However, this also brings
the rejection from his own group. In a colonized region, there is always a Black who talks politely to a white
man, and the white man answers him rudely. “A White man addressing a Negro behaves exactly like an adult with a child and starts smirking, whispering,
patronizing, cozening” Fanon, 2008: 19. The Whites figure the Blacks as a group of people having no civilization and deserve no respect. It seems to be a
legimitation of Whites’ conduct towards Blacks from years. Fanon 2008: 18 also provides a reference from New Testatement says “We
are the chosen people-look at the color of our skins. The others are black or yellow: That is because of their sins”. He believes that religion also takes part in
giving a level of people based on race and all the separation. This is believed as the written-source of a legitimation treatment of the Whites towards the Blacks.
2. Discrimination Towards Blacks
