Murphy to find out the complexity of the character in this case Maria.. This can help me to analyze the description of Maria’s character.
Moreover, I apply the theory of struggle for life, motivation and hierarchy of needs from Maslow. The theories are used to analyze the human motivation
and needs in life. Therefore, the theories would help me understand more about motivation and the needs of the character in having a better life.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology of the study, which can be divided into three parts. The first part is subject matter. Subject matter describes the novel
Eleven Minutes and the focus of my analysis in the study. The second part is the approach. I highlight the approach that is applied in conducting the study. The
third part is the procedure. It explains the steps taken in analyzing the novel.
A. Subject Matter
The subject matter of this study is a novel entitled Eleven Minutes written by a Brazilian author, Paulo Coelho. This book is an English version translated
from Onze Minutos, the Portuguese original edition, published in Brazil by Editora Rocco Ltd. It was published in 2003 by Paulo Coelho. This novel consists
of 269 pages and is divided into 32 chapters. After achieving success, the novel has been reprinted in 39 languages by Harper Collins Publishers.
The story tells about Maria, a young girl from the interior Brazil whose dream is to find a charming prince in her life to help her overcome all her
problems. Maria comes from a low class family whose father is only a traveling salesman and her mother is a seamstress. Her struggle of life begins when she has
an offer from a Swiss man to work abroad. Realizing about her social condition at that time, she accepts the offer. She tries all she can do to prove that she can have
a better life. During her journey, she finds some essences in dealing with her love and sexual relationships. She finds some crucial things that should be achieved in
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order to get her better life. Therefore, in her journey she struggles to find her better life in dealing with her needs.
The author of the novel, Paulo Coelho wrote this novel because actually he wanted to write such a different ordinary novel. Eleven Minutes is very different
from his other novel. The idea behind the novel is about his trajectory. He thought that writing a book about sexuality came to be a priority to him because he has
experienced sex in many different and contradictory ways. He has been living in a half-conservative era when sex has a different meaning to different people
However, the novel does not only talk about sex. It also concerns about sacred sex and love, where actually sex is only as an encounter when two persons
meet and fall in love. Deeper, the reader can see the problems that are faced by the major character along the story. Here, the author created in such a way so that the
novel does not only talk about sex.
B. Approach
According to Rohberger and Wood Jr. there are five approaches that can be applied to deal with the literary work. They are the formalist approach,
biographical approach, sociocultural-historical approach, mythopoeic approach and psychological approach. In conducting the study, I use the psychological
approach to analyze the novel since this study is related to psychological aspects. The psychological approach involves effort to locate and demonstrate a certain
recurrent pattern. I use the psychological approach in order to find out how Maria, the major character in Paulo Coelho’s Eleven Minutes survives for her life.
Rohberger and Woods Jr state that psychological approach will obviously give more understanding of the character’s behavior and thought 15.
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