Definition of Character Kinds of Character

upon his or her, the readers build expectations and desires. To some extent, as he or she undergoes changes, the reader’s values can be changed or set up. The secondary characters are those who appear in certain scenes. Generally they are used to become the background of the major character. Basically, secondary characters are to live in the world in the novel. Secondary characters can function as a ‘point of reference’ if they act as if they were to see the major character’s great intensity Henkle 94-95. Their role is less important than the major character because the story of the novel usually deals with the major character. Forster 46-51 in Aspect of the Novel divides the character of the novel into two kinds, namely flat characters and round characters. A flat character is created around “a single idea or quality”. It is snatched under one aspects and a particular angle. Usually, a flat character is characterized only by one or two traits. One great advantage of a flat character is that he or she is recognized easily whenever he or she comes. They usually stay the same. They are static. In other words, it will be easier for the reader to obtain the description of the characters entirely only by seeing one side of a person’s character. The other advantage is that the reader can easily remember a flat character. It is because the character will remain the same despite his or her moving through circumstances. On the other hand, the circumstances are not likely to change the character so that he or she stays in the reader’s mind as unalterable. A round character cannot be categorized in a single phrase or sentence. Yet, he or she is represented with subtle drawing. A round character is varied in 10 temperament and motivation. The readers can only remember his or her in connection with the great scenes by which he or she is modified since he or she passes through them. It means that it is difficult for the readers to remember him or her so easily because he or she may have many individual and unpredictable human traits. Moreover, he or she is also capable of surprising the reader in a convincing way since he or she has the incalculability of life about it.

2. Characterization

Understanding theory of characterization is important to know the novel deeper. There are some different definitions about characterization by some authors. Each has his or her own statement in delivering the theory of characterization.

a. Definition of Characterization

According to Rohrberger and Woods Jr., the process in which an author creates a character is called characterization. Basically, character and characterization are connected and they cannot be separated. A character is recognized by what is appearing in the story 20. Moreover, Holman and Harmon state that characterization is the creation of an imaginary person in the story so that she exists for the reader as a living character 81. The author usually reveals the character as an imagery person in the story. 11 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

b. Methods of characterization

According to Murphy in his book Understanding Unseens 161-173, there are nine ways of characterization to make the characters understandable to and come alive for the readers. 1 Personal Description Here, the author attempts to describe a person’s appearance and clothes. Therefore, the reader knows one’s character directly by the way she dresses and the appearance. For example, a long and blonde hair young woman is considered as a spoil woman and beauty-oriented. 2 Character as Seen by Another Instead of describing a character directly, the author describes her through the eyes and opinion of another character. Therefore, based on the other characters’ judgment, the reader gets a reflected image. 3 Speech Here, the author gives the details of the character in the novel through what the person says. It means that whenever the person says, whenever she is in the conversation with another, whenever she puts forward an opinion, she is giving a clue to her character. Briefly, through her daily speech in the novel, the reader knows about her character. 4 Past life The author gives the reader a clue to events that have helped to create a character by giving some description and stories about a person’s past life. The 12