86 Lampiran 7 Lanjutan
Perlakuan
Kadar
ALB Kadar Karoten mgkg
Kadar air Rendemen
Refining factor
Oil loss U1
U2 U3
U1 U1
U3 U1
U2 U3
CPO 9 3.49
3.49 3.49
684.61 691.32
689.63 0.12
0.12 0.13
Rata-rata 3.49
± 0.00
688.52 ±
0.51 0.13
± 4.53
Deasidifikasi 70
o
C, 15 menit
0.22 0.22
0.22 693.92
685.43 680.91
0.54 0.55
0.56 91.35
3.39 11.83
Rata-rata 0.22
± 0.00
686.75 ±
0.96 0.55
± 2.47
CPO 10 3.54
3.54 3.54
676.95 681.61
669.29 0.08
0.08 0.09
Rata-rata 3.54
± 0.02
675.95 ±
0.92 0.08
± 4.76
Deasidifikasi 70
o
C, 35 menit
0.20 0.20
0.20 656.54
651.75 653.97
0.42 0.44
0.44 90.10
3.70 13.08
Rata-rata 0.20
± 0.00
654.09 ±
0.37 0.43
± 2.80
CPO 11 3.53
3.55 3.55
686.26 683.38
686.65 0.11
0.10 0.10
Rata-rata 3.55
± 0.30
685.43 ±
0.26 0.10
± 6.37
Deasidifikasi 48
o
C, 35 menit
0.15 0.15
0.15 694.62
693.30 689.82
1.05 1.05
1.05 89.25
3.92 13.92
Rata-rata 0.15
± 0.00
692.58 ±
0.36 1.05
± 0.29
87 Lampiran 7 Lanjutan
Perlakuan
Kadar
ALB Kadar Karoten mgkg
Kadar air Rendemen
Refining factor
Oil loss U1
U2 U3
U1 U1
U3 U1
U2 U3
CPO 12
3.55 3.55
3.55 702.87
675.60 670.25
0.07 0.07
0.07 Rata-rata
3.55 ±
0.02 682.91
± 2.56
0.07 ±
2.78
Deasidifikasi 48
o
C, 15 menit
0.20 0.20
0.20 712.33
700.56 694.36
0.88 0.88
0.87 89.51
3.85 13.67
Rata-rata 0.20
± 0.29
702.42 ±
1.30 0.87
± 0.93
CPO 13 3.55
3.55 3.55
700.45 687.61
698.54 0.11
0.09 0.10
Rata-rata 3.55
± 0.02
695.53 ±
1.00 0.10
± 7.36
Deasidifikasi 43
o
C, 25 menit
0.12 0.12
0.12 719.57
721.50 708.94
0.92 0.92
0.91 82.17
5.84 20.75
Rata-rata 0.12
± 0.00
716.67 ±
0.94 0.92
± 0.71
88 Lampiran 7 Lanjutan
Perlakuan Bilangan Peroksida
meqkg Bilangan iod
Bilangan penyabunan mg KOHg
Warna U1
U2 U3
U1 U2
U3 U1
U2 U3
Y +
R CPO 1
2.00 2.00
2.00 54.39
54.47 54.06
197.04 196.89
195.62 20
11 Rata-rata
2.00 ±
0.03 54.31
± 0.40
196.52 ±
0.40
CPO 2
1.00 1.00
1.00 52.68
53.67 52.23
197.09 198.37
196.00 30
9 Rata-rata
1.00 ±
0.00 52.86
± 1.40
197.15 ±
0.60
CPO 3
2.00 2.00
2.00 54.64
53.34 53.25
201.50 200.19
200.31 30
10 Rata-rata
2.00 ±
0.05 53.74
± 1.44
200.66 ±
0.36
CPO 4 2.92
2.92 2.92
50.49 50.52
50.62 198.58
200.20 198.92
20 12.2
Rata-rata 2.92
± 0.03
50.54 ±
0.14 199.23
± 0.43
CPO 5 1.00
1.00 1.00
53.46 53.49
53.22 201.44
199.88 200.39
32 10
Rata-rata 1.00
± 0.00
53.39 ±
0.27 200.57
± 0.40
89 Lampiran 7 Lanjutan
Perlakuan Bilangan Peroksida
meqkg Bilangan iod
Bilangan penyabunan mg KOHg
Warna U1
U2 U3
U1 U2
U3 U1
U2 U3
Y +
R CPO 6
1.00 1.00
1.00 53.01
53.30 53.55
198.21 200.29
198.92 20
11 Rata-rata
1.00 ±
0.00 53.28
± 0.50
199.14 ±
0.53
CPO 7 2.00
2.00 2.00
52.62 52.52
51.78 199.06
200.11 200.52
20 12
Rata-rata 2.00
± 0.05
52.31 ±
0.88 199.89
± 0.38
CPO 8
2.00 2.00
2.00 50.75
50.45 50.51
198.72 198.49
198.84 20
12 Rata-rata
2.00 ±
0.03 50.57
± 0.31
198.68 ±
0.09
CPO 9
1.00 1.00
1.00 50.40
50.25 50.96
199.07 198.64
198.28 20
12 Rata-rata
1.00 ±
0.06 50.54
± 0.74
198.66 ±
0.20
CPO 10 1.00
1.00 1.00
51.07 51.08
50.84 198.72
200.40 198.79
20 12
Rata-rata 1.00
± 0.06
51.00 ±
0.26 199.30
± 0.48
90 Lampiran 7 Lanjutan
Perlakuan Bilangan Peroksida
meqkg Bilangan iod
Bilangan penyabunan mg KOHg
Warna U1
U2 U3
U1 U2
U3 U1
U2 U3
Y +
R CPO 11
2.92 2.92
2.92 49.75
49.99 49.71
198.73 198.94
198.92 20
13 Rata-rata
2.92 ±
0.03 49.81
± 0.31
198.86 ±
0.06
CPO 12 2.92
2.92 2.92
50.54 50.95
50.64 198.32
198.30 198.82
20 13
Rata-rata 2.92
± 0.04
50.71 ±
0.42 198.48
± 0.15
CPO 13 2.92
2.92 2.92
50.63 50.48
50.08 198.97
197.63 197.15
20 13
Rata-rata 2.92
± 0.08
50.39 ±
0.57 197.92
± 0.47
91 Lampiran 8 Perhitungan recovery karoten tahap optimasi deasidifikasi minyak sawit merah
skala pilot plant
Perlakuan Suhu reaksi
o
C Waktu reaksi
menit Berat CPO
bk Berat NRPO
bk Recovery
Karoten
1 48
15 59.96
51.35 88.09
2 70
15 59.93
52.61 87.57
3 48
35 59.94
51.11 86.16
4 70
35 59.95
51.93 83.81
5 43
25 59.94
47.55 81.74
6 75
25 59.91
51.28 83.88
7 59
11 59.89
51.99 87.42
8 59
39 59.94
52.29 85.69
9 59
25 59.85
50.56 85.18
10 59
25 59.82
50.68 85.56
11 59
25 59.88
50.60 85.92
12 59
25 59.94
52.33 87.64
13 59
25 59.89
51.38 86.97
92 Lampiran 9 Perhitungan optimasi reduksi kadar asam lemak bebas ALB dengan perlakuan suhu dan waktu reaksi
Coding Coefficients for the Independent Variables Factor Subtracted off Divided by
X1 59.000000 16.000000 X2 25.000000 14.000000
Response Surface for Variable Y: Reduksi ALB Response Mean 95.985308
Root MSE 0.838274 R-Square 0.7703
Coef. of Variation 0.8733
Degrees of
Type I Sum Regression Freedom
of Squares R-Square F-Ratio
Prob F Linear 2
2.635940 0.1231 1.876
0.2227 Quadratic
2 13.772291 0.6432
9.800 0.0094
Crossproduct 1 0.086436 0.0040
0.123 0.7361
Total Regress 5 16.494666 0.7703
4.695 0.0336
93 Lampiran 9 Lanjutan
Degrees of Sum of
Residual Freedom Squares Mean Square Total Error 7 4.918918 0.702703
Parameter Degrees
Estimate of Parameter Standard
T for H0: from Coded
Parameter Freedom Estimate Error Parameter=0 Prob |T| Data
INTERCEPT 1 62.879729 10.752263 5.848
0.0006 97.286172
X1 1 0.932719 0.312771
2.982 0.0205
-0.797944 X2
1 0.654839 0.278477 2.352
0.0510 0.198192
X1X1 1 -0.008044 0.002515
-3.199 0.0151
-2.059241 X2X1
1 -0.001336 0.003810 -0.351
0.7361 -0.299345
X2X2 1 -0.011237 0.003232
-3.476 0.0103
-2.202401
Degrees of
Sum of Factor Freedom Squares Mean Square F-Ratio
Prob F X1 3
9.754161 3.251387 4.627 0.0436 Suhu
o
C X2 3
8.736486 2.912162 4.144 0.0554 Waktu menit
94 Lampiran 9 Lanjutan
Canonical Analysis of Response Surface based on coded data Critical Value
Factor Coded Uncoded
X1 -0.197995 55.832073 Suhu
o
C X2 0.058450
25.818301 Waktu menit Predicted value at stationary point 97.370958
Eigenvectors Eigenvalues X1 X2
-1.964912 0.846003 -0.533178 -2.296729 0.533178 0.846003
Stationary point is a maximum.
95 Lampiran 10 Perhitungan optimasi recovery karoten dengan perlakuan suhu dan waktu reaksi
Coding Coefficients for the Independent Variables Factor Subtracted off Divided by
X1 59.000000 16.000000 X2 25.000000 14.000000
Response Surface for Variable Y: Recovery karoten Response Mean 85.817383
Root MSE 1.471906 R-Square 0.6250
Coef. of Variation 1.7152 Degrees
of
Type I Sum Regression Freedom
of Squares R-Square F-Ratio
Prob F Linear
2 8.298964 0.2052
1.915 0.2171
Quadratic 2
16.143771 0.3992 3.726
0.0791 Crossproduct
1 0.831605 0.0206
0.384 0.5552
Total Regress 5 25.274340 0.6250
2.333 0.1499
96 Lampiran 10 Lanjutan
Degrees of
Sum of Residual Freedom
Squares Mean Square Total Error 7
15.165547 2.166507
Parameter Degrees
Estimate of
Parameter Standard T for H0:
from Coded Parameter Freedom Estimate Error
Parameter=0 Prob |T| Data INTERCEPT
1 49.802118 18.879657 2.638 0.0335
86.265171 X1
1 1.338924 0.549188 2.438 0.0449
0.044292 X2
1 -0.147032 0.488971 -0.301 0.7724
-1.432444 X1X1
1 -0.010445 0.004415 -2.366 0.0499
-2.673959 X2X1
1 -0.004145 0.006690 -0.620 0.5552
-0.928504 X2X2
1 0.005786 0.005676 1.019 0.3420
1.133960 Degrees
of
Sum of Factor Freedom Squares Mean Square F-Ratio
Prob F X1 3
12.963486 4.321162 1.995 0.2035 Suhu
X2 3 11.373953 3.791318 1.750
0.2438 Waktu
97 Lampiran 10 Lanjutan
Canonical Analysis of Response Surface based on coded data Critical Value
Factor Coded
Uncoded X1 -0.094650
57.485596 Suhu X2 0.592860
33.300046 Waktu Predicted value at stationary point 85.838456
Eigenvectors Eigenvalues X1
X2 1.189744 -0.119299
0.992858 -2.729742 0.992858
0.119299 Stationary point is a saddle point.
98 Lampiran 11 Perhitungan optimasi rendemen dengan perlakuan suhu dan waktu reaksi
Coding Coefficients for the Independent Variables Factor Subtracted off Divided by
X1 59.000000 16.000000 X2 25.000000 14.000000
Response Surface for Variable Y: Rendemen Response Mean 89.252385
Root MSE 1.608766 R-Square 0.7288
Coef. of Variation 1.8025 Degrees
of
Type I Sum Regression Freedom
of Squares R-Square F-Ratio
Prob F Linear 2
19.037743 0.2850 3.678
0.0810 Quadratic 2
29.402759 0.4401 5.680
0.0342 Crossproduct 1
0.246016 0.0037 0.0951
0.7668 Total Regress 5
48.686518 0.7288 3.762
0.0566
99 Lampiran 11 Lanjutan
Degrees of
Sum of Residual Freedom
Squares Mean Square Total Error 7
18.116899 2.588128
Parameter Degrees
Estimate of
Parameter Standard T for H0:
from Coded Parameter
Freedom Estimate Error
Parameter=0 Prob |T| Data INTERCEPT 1
43.458712 20.635120 2.106 0.0732
89.471758 X1
1 1.624153 0.600252 2.706
0.0304 2.203084
X2 1 -0.462955 0.534436
-0.866 0.4151
-0.195399 X1X1
1 -0.012119 0.004826
-2.511 0.0403
-3.102582 X2X1 1
-0.002255 0.007313 -0.308
0.7668 -0.505018
X2X2 1 0.011640 0.006204
1.876 0.1027
2.281503 Degrees
of Sum of
Factor Freedom Squares Mean Square F-Ratio Prob F
X1 3 35.452175 11.817392 4.566 0.0449 Suhu
o
C X2 3
9.512529 3.170843 1.225 0.3696 Waktu menit
100 Lampiran 11 Lanjutan
Canonical Analysis of Response Surface based on coded data Critical Value
Factor Coded Uncoded X1 0.348417 64.574670 Suhu
o
C X2 0.081384 26.139377 Waktu menit
Predicted value at stationary point 89.847602 Eigenvectors
Eigenvalues X1
X2 2.293319 -0.046745
0.998907 -3.114399 0.998907
0.046745 Stationary point is a saddle point.
101 Lampiran 12 Perhitungan suhu dan waktu optimum sebagai salah satu pertimbangan dalam penentuan kondisi untuk tahap validasi dengan
superimposed menggunakan SAS
Coding Coefficients for the Independent Variables Factor Subtracted off Divided by
X1 59.000000 16.000000 X2 25.000000 14.000000
Response Surface for Variable Y: Respon optimum Response Mean 271.055075
Root MSE 2.374494
R-Square 0.7709
Coef. of Variation 0.8760
Degrees of
Type I Sum Regression Freedom
of Squares R-Square F-Ratio
Prob F Linear 2
16.432663 0.0954 1.457
0.2957 Quadratic 2
113.453428 0.6587 10.061
0.0087 Crossproduct 1
2.896545 0.0168 0.514
0.4967 Total Regress 5
132.782636 0.7709 4.710
0.0333
102 Lampiran 12 Lanjutan
Degrees of
Sum of Residual Freedom
Squares Mean Square Total Error 7
39.467539 5.638220
Parameter Degrees
Estimate of
Parameter Standard T for H0:
from Coded Parameter
Freedom Estimate Error
Parameter=0 Prob |T| Data INTERCEPT
1 156.140560
30.456857 5.127
0.0014 273.023101
X1 1
3.895796 0.885956 4.397 0.0032
1.449432 X2
1 0.044852 0.788813 0.0569
0.9562 -1.429651
X1X1 1
-0.030609 0.007123 -4.297 0.0036
-7.835782 X2X1
1 -0.007736 0.010793 -0.717 0.4967
-1.732868 X2X2
1 0.006189 0.009156 0.676 0.5208
1.213062 Degrees
of Sum of
Factor Freedom Squares Mean Square F-Ratio Prob F
X1 3 115.184388 38.394796 6.810 0.0175 Suhu
103 X2 3
13.731594 4.577198 0.812 0.5266 Waktu Lampiran 12 lanjutan
Canonical Analysis of Response Surface based on coded data Critical Value
Factor Coded Uncoded X1 0.025329 59.405268 Suhu
X2 0.607365 33.503110 Waktu Predicted value at stationary point 272.607297
Eigenvectors Eigenvalues X1 X2
1.295277 -0.094464 0.995528 -7.917996 0.995528 0.094464
Stationary point is a saddle point.
104 Lampiran 13 Hasil analisis sifat fisiko kimia CPO dan NRPO tahap validasi proses deasidifikasi minyak sawit merah skala pilot plant
Perlakuan Kadar ALB
Kadar Karoten mgkg Kadar air
Rendemen Refining
factor Oil loss
U1 U2
U3 U1
U1 U3
U1 U2
U3 CPO 1
3.49 3.49
3.53 455.36
458.27 455.91 0.12
0.13 0.13
Rata-rata 3.50
± 0.74
456.51 ±
0.34 0.13
± 3.67
Degumming 8.60
8.60 8.83
443.63 447.54 444.07
0.73 0.73
0.70 Rata-rata
8.68 ±
1.50 445.08
± 0.48
0.72 ±
2.26
Deasidifikasi 61
o
C, 26 menit
