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be qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative data is expressed as words, pictures, and objects while quantitative data is in numbers. In this research, I combined two
kinds of data both quantitative and qualitative. Therefore, I organized the process of analyzing the data into categories on the basis themes or concepts. The
quantitative data is used to control over management resulted from the test to answer the first research question and the qualitative data is used to provide
information resulted from interview to answer the second research question. The experimental research intended to do research on the relationship between
learners‟ speaking skill and video project; if the null hypothesis should be rejected.
C. RESEARCH SETTING
This research was conducted in Nursing Department in Health Science Institute of Surya Global Yogyakarta. I conducted this research during a certain
period of time considering that it needs time to see how the students practice their learning autonomy and speaking during the learning process. This research was
conducted during a semester from the beginning until the end of semester of English for Medic class. This research was conducted to the fourth semester
students of academic year 20142015 starting from March 2015 to July 2015. During this semester, the students made video project in some topics of meetings.
D. RESEARCH POPULATION AND SAMPLES
In conducting a research, I had to determine the population and the sample of the study. A population is a group of individuals who have the same
characteristics Creswell, 2012. However, in practice, the qualitative research samples from lists and people available. This is called as a target population who
47 considered as a group of individuals with some common defining characteristics
that the research can identify and study. In other words, the target population of this research is the fourth semester students of academic year 20142015 who
attended the English for Medic class. The whole population is 256 students of nursing department academic year 20142015.
Within the target population, a sample should be selected for this study. A sample is a subgroup of the target population that the researcher plans to study for
generalizing about the target population Creswell, 2012. In conclusion, a sample is the individuals selected as the representatives of the entire target population.
The samples were taken randomly. There were two classes selected for this research as samples; one would be experimental group and another would be
control group. There are six classes from class A Kp 4 to F Kp 4. The experiment group was E Kp 4 in which the treatment were given and the control group was F
kp 4 with regular teaching activities. There were 43 students of class E and 52 students of class B in the presence
list. However, not all students attended the pretest because of some academic problems. Therefore, there were 84 students as participants in this research. Here
is the number of the subjects in the pretest.
Table 3.1 Participants of Pretest Classes
Number of Participants
Class E KP IV Class F KP IV
39 45
Total 84
The researcher conducted pretest in March 2015 in the second and third meeting. Because it was difficult to conduct pretest in one day, the researcher
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divided each class into two groups and distributed different time to conduct pretest. The pretest of first group of class E was conducted on 12
th
March 2015 then for second group it was on 14
th
March 2015. Meanwhile, the pretest of first group of class F was conducted on 12
th
March 2015 and for the second group, it was on 13
rd
March 2015. The duration for each group was 90 to 120 minutes. The rubric used in pretest is Pandiya‟s rubric with Analytic Scoring which
has five categories as Pronunciation, Grammar Accuracy, Vocabulary, Fluency, and Interactive Communication. Each category has scale of 0-4 and total score is
20.After conducting pretest, the researcher then conducted homogeneity and normality test to see whether both classes were homogeny or not. It is used as the
requirement for conducting the following research procedures. Table 3.4 below shows the means and the standard deviation of the classes
in the pretest.
Table 3.2 Means and Standard Deviation of Pretests in EF class N
Mean Std.
Deviation Minimum
Score Maximum
Score
Class EKP IV 39 10.3590
3.96357 2.00
17.00
Class FKP IV 45 10.8667
3.83524 2.00
18.00
From the table above, it is shown that class E has lower score of mean than class B. However, the minimum score of both classes are the same and class F has
higher maximum score than class E. Here is the homogeneity and normality test output from the pretest results of both classes.
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Table 3.3 Homogeneity test
The homogeneity testing in this research is with the level of significance of 0.05. The table shows that the significance level 0.691 between two groups is
higher than 0.05. This indicates that there is no significant difference in the populations between class E and class F. Both classes had the same population in
the pretest which means that both classes are homogeneous. Then the researcher did normality test using Komolgorov Smirnov test to
know whether the distribution of the variable data research is normal or not. The following is the table of normality test summary of class E and F.
Table 3.4 Normality Test of EF classes Pre test
KS-Z Significance
Conclusion
Class E 0.803
0.540 Normal
Class F 0.663
0.771 Normal
The result shows that the Komolgorov Smirnov KS-Z score of class E is 0.803 with Asymp. Sig 0.540 and of class F is 0.667 with Asymp. Sig 0.764.
Both scores are higher than 0.05 which means that the data of class E and class F is in normal distribution. Based on the result of homogeneity and normality test,
the researcher chose class E as experimental group and class F as control group because class E has mean score lower than class F. The decision is also because
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
PRETES .159
1 82
.691 Lev ene
St at ist ic df 1
df 2 Sig.
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the students of class E need more motivation to learn English than class F. It could be seen from the observation done by the researcher before the semester started.
E. DATA GATHERING TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS
