Research Design Population Sample

CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION

3.1 Research Design

The study here was a descriptive research design. In this study, I decided to do two activities; those are library activity and field activity. Library activity has been discussed in chapter II. While in this chapter, I will discuss about field activity. Arikunto says that a field research can be carried out at the hospital, school, factory, family, society, etc. 1993: 10. Referring to the statement, I conducted the study at SD Negeri Wonorejo 01 Karanganyar Demak. To get the empirical data for my study, I administered a dictation test. The test was given to the fifth grade students of SD Negeri Wonorejo 01 Karanganyar Demak. They were supposed to do the test to show the advancement in listening. In analyzing the data, I used a descriptive qualitative and a simple quantitative measurement to find the result. From the result, I could describe the students’ mastery in listening.

3.2 Population

According to Arikunto 2002: 102, a population is the entire subject in a research. The population in this study was the fifth grade students of SD Negeri Wonorejo 01 Karanganyar Demak. The total numbers of the fifth grade students were 36 students. 27

3.3 Sample

Having determined the population, I selected a sample, which is a very important step in conducting a research. A good sample is one that is representative of the population from which it was selected. Therefore, the representativeness of a sample determines the validity of the generalization of the result. Arikunto 2002:104 states that sample is a part of population or the representation of population being assessed. In determining the size of sample, Arikunto 2002:120 says that the population is 100 respondents or less, it is better to take the whole population as the sample. If the population is more than 100 respondents, the researcher can take 10-15, or 20-25, or more than 25 of the population based on the capability of the researcher. Since the number of the subjects in my research was less than 100, I applied total sampling. I take 100 of the population as samples that is 20 students of fifth grade students of SD Negeri Wonorejo 01.

3.4 Instrument