THE USE... R. Arief Nugroho Mater’s Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University
©2009, UNDIP Institutional Repository
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This study was true experimental research and it used quantitative data. It was quantitative because the numerical data were needed to explain the product.
This chapter consists of two parts. The first section of this chapter deals with the presentation of the data analysis to see the effectiveness of the Comprehensive
Teaching Technique CTT. The second section deals with the use of questionnaire discussion in order to support the analysis.
A. Test Validity
Before the instrument of test was used to get the data for this research, it was tried out to students. The number of students employed in the try out was 15 out
of the students from control and experimental group. This was done to find the validity of the items test. The formula to count the validity is Biserial Correlation
as follows:
{ }
{ }
2 2
2 2
xy
r SU
- NSU
SC -
NSC SU
SC -
NSCU =
THE USE... R. Arief Nugroho Mater’s Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University
©2009, UNDIP Institutional Repository
Table 4.1 Frame of Test Items
NO TOPICS
SUM ITEMS
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
13
14 Simple Present
Present Progressive Simple Past
Past Progressive Present Perfect
There isThere are and How many? Possessive Adjectives
Text Procedures imperatives Simple Future
Object Pronouns Be + going to future expression
There isThere are and Preposition in, on, at
Prepositions on, between, next to, across from, opposite
How muchHow many? 4
4 6
4 4
2 3
1 4
3 1
1
1
2 1, 2, 3, 4
5, 6, 7, 8 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
15, 16, 17, 18 19, 20, 21, 22
23, 24 25, 26, 27
28 29, 30, 31, 32
33, 34, 35 36
37
38
39, 40
TOTAL
40 40
Then, in finding the validity of the test, the data of the test were calculated in the Microsoft Excel. The result of the validity test shows that all test items are
valid see the appendix. To measure the validity, the item test is valid if r
xy
r
tabel
.
THE USE... R. Arief Nugroho Mater’s Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University
©2009, UNDIP Institutional Repository
The following is the example of counting the validity of item number 1 and for the other test items, they will use the same formula
Table 4.2 The Validity Computation of Test Item Number One
No. Code
X Y
X
2
Y
2
XY
1 T-01
1 39
1 1521
39 2
T-05 1
39 1
1521 39
3 T-10
1 37
1 1369
37 4
T-07 1
37 1
1369 37
5 T-02
1 36
1 1296
36 6
T-03 1
36 1
1296 36
7 T-15
1 31
1 961
31 8
T-11 1
27 1
729 27
9 T-04
1 26
1 676
26 10
T-14 1
20 1
400 20
11 T-08
1 15
1 225
15 12
T-09 6
36 13
T-06 6
36 14
T-13 5
25 15
T-12 1
4 1
16 4
S
12 364
12 11476
347
By using that formula, the researcher obtains:
r
xy
= 15
x 12
- 12
15 x 11476 - 364
r
xy
= 0.7006
15 X 347 12 X 364
2 2
THE USE... R. Arief Nugroho Mater’s Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University
©2009, UNDIP Institutional Repository
On a = 5 with N= 15 it is obtained = 0,514. Because of r
xy
r
tabel
, so the test item number one is valid.
B. Test Reliability
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