From the statement above, it can be known that language should pay attention to the learners’ experiences which involve situations. Through picture,
language learners get both of it because they can directly see the object or the situation of the material. So, they can remember it much longer from the sight.
2. Kinds of Picture
Andrew Wright explained in his book Pictures for Language Learning, said that there are 21 kinds of picture can be found, they are:
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- Pictures of a single objects
- Pictures of one person -
Pictures of famous people - Pictures of several people
- Pictures of people in action
- Pictures from history -
Pictures with a lot of information - Pictures of the news
- Pictures of fantasies
- Picture of Map and Symbols -
Pairs of Pictures - Pictures and Texts
- Sequences of Pictures
- Related Pictures -
Single stimulating pictures - Ambiguous pictures
- Bizarre pictures
- Explanatory pictures -
Student and Teacher Drawing. According to Betty Morgan Bowen, there are some types of
pictures as their shapes:
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1 Wall charts
2 Wall pictures
Wall pictures is simply a large illustration of scene or event a set of scenes or events. It is usually to be used with the whole class.
3 Flash cards
Word flashcard, card with printed words on it can help up rapidly;
the cards can be used to demonstrate exactly what the teacher wishes.
Picture flashcard, useful for the representation of a single concept,
such as an object or an action. 4
Work cards Include visual as well as text magazine pictures, drawing, maps and
diagrams can be important part of work card at all levels, used for variety of purposes.
And Betty also divided picture as follows:
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25
Andrew Wright, Pictures for Language Learning, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989, p. 175-201.
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Betty Morgan Bowen, Look here Visual Aids in Language Teaching, London: Essential Language Teaching Series, 1973, p.13-31.
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Betty Morgan Bowen, Look here … London: Essential Language Teaching Series,
1973, p.13-31.
a Individual pictures
These are single pictures of objects, person or activities. There is an enormous variety of material from newspaper, magazines, catalogues,
greeting cards, trail brochures, advertisements, old textbooks and even wrapping paper.
b Specialized pictures posters, charts, advertisements, brochures
Wall posters are not designed especially for teaching, but rather for advertising or propaganda purposes. Although they provide very little
textual information, they cannot be dismissed from the ESL classroom as they can be used to illustrate topics and provide motivation for
discussion.
Several kinds of picture above give a new knowledge about the picture itself which can be found in daily lives. Human daily activity might
be also present the pictures on it. For example, when someone reads newspaper, heshe will find a picture on the headline news; or when
someone wants to eat an instant food, heshe will see a picture on the package. There are
many kinds of picture around the people.
3. Function of Pictures
After discussed about the definition and kinds of picture above, it is known that there are many definitions and kinds of picture. Besides, it also
important to know about their functions whether the functions of picture are important or not in teaching learning process. Here are some functions of
picture given by the experts as follows:
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Pictures are very useful for presenting new grammatical and
vocabulary items. They help to provide the situations and contexts which light up the meaning of words or utterances, and help the
teachers to avoid resorting to translation or to lengthy explanations of meaning.
Pictures can be used for revision from one lesson to another as well
as for long-term revision of vocabulary and structures.
Pictures can be used as the basis of written work, for instance, question writing.
Pictures increase student
s’ motivation and provide useful practice material as well as test material.
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Francis J. Pirozzolo and Merlin C. Wittrock, ed., Neuropsychological and Cognitive Processes in Reading, New York: Academic Press, 1981, p.212.
