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Swan 2005:19 says that grammar is the rules that show how words are combined, arranged or changed to show certain kinds of meaning.
One of many parts of grammar is Gerund. Gerund is a verb-ing form of the verb that functioned as a noun make into a verb by adding –ing behind the
verb. Junaida said Gerund form as same as present participle form and both are parts of the verb. The difference, Gerund is a noun, but the present participle is
an adjective. There are some definition of the Gerund, include:
a. Gerund is a noun that comes from a verb make into a verb verb-ing.
b. Gerund has the same form with present participle, but Gerund has other
meaning, that is verb-ing so it doesn’t mean ‘being’. c.
Gerund is a verb-ing form from a verb which functions as a noun. make verb to be noun.
2.2 The Functions of Gerund
The use of Gerund in a sentence has a variety of functions. The use of the
Gerund can be distinguished as follows: a.
Gerund as a subject Sentence patterns can be described generally as follows:
Subject Verb be + Object
Verb+ing ..........................
Gerund used as a subject in sentence has some characteristics, such as:
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- Verb+ing
- In front of the predicate
- Be the subject of the sentence
- Has the meaning of an noun that as subject of the sentence
These are some examples of Gerund used as subjects : -
Reading is my hobby. -
Playing tennis is fun. -
Swimming is a healthy sport. -
Climbing to the top of a mountain isn’t easy. -
Finding their house wasn’t difficult. -
Swearing does not prove anything.
b. Gerund as a complement
Gerund is also used as the complement in sentence. The sentence
patterns are as the follow: Subject + Verb
Complement Adverb
................. Verb+ing
............. Gerund used as an object in sentence has some characteristics, such
as: -
At the behind of verb of in front of the adverb. -
Has a function as complement. -
Has the meaning of noun that complete the sentence.
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The following are some examples of Gerund used as the complement in sentence:
- Her chief delight is swimming in the river.
- My favorite pas time is singing.
- One of his worst habits is telling lies.
- What he likes is listening the radio news.
- What she likes is watching the children play.
Gerund can also be used as Appositive in a sentence. The following are some examples of Gerund used as the apposotive:
- She has a bad habit, gambling.
- His method, shooting and killing, eventually came to an end.
- Her favorite exercise, swimming in the pool, makes her body strong.
The Gerund used as object has some the forms and the functions. Gerund is used as object:
a. Gerund as an object in general
In general the sentence pattern can be described as follow: Subject + Verb
Object
..................... Verb+ing
Gerund used as the object in sentence has characteristics, such as: -
At the behind of verb. -
Has function as object that descibe the verb in sentence.
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- Has the meaning of noun as object in sentence.
The following are some examples of Gerund used as object: -
I don’t like reading. -
We enjoy playing tennis. -
He likes swimming. -
They finish speaking. -
My mother likes shopping.
b. Gerund is used as an object after preposition
