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2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The Definitions of Gerund
As popular, people often state that linguistics is the study of language; or science that makes the language as an object of study; or more accurately,
scientific study of the human language. Finocchioro 1974: 3 that linguistics is a system change changing,
which allows sound to human arbitrarily use in providing a culture, or others who have studied the system of the culture, to communicate and interact.
Pei and Gaynor 1954: 119 divided that linguistics is with sound communication system, i, e, as a tool in speech talking and heard. Among
humans use symbols community certainly sounds that have meaning changes according to the culture customs respectively.
The conclusion that linguistics is the study of language structure, language rules, a symbol of the sounds of language and everything related to
the language generally used by the public as a means of exchanging information between the tribes of the tribe another or one country to another
country. In linguistics, grammar is the set of structural rules governing the
composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language. Grammar is very important to learn to be able to mastering English. Because of
that everybody must learn grammar from elementary school through college.
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Swan 2005:19 says that grammar is the rules that show how words are combined, arranged or changed to show certain kinds of meaning.
One of many parts of grammar is Gerund. Gerund is a verb-ing form of the verb that functioned as a noun make into a verb by adding –ing behind the
verb. Junaida said Gerund form as same as present participle form and both are parts of the verb. The difference, Gerund is a noun, but the present participle is
an adjective. There are some definition of the Gerund, include:
a. Gerund is a noun that comes from a verb make into a verb verb-ing.
b. Gerund has the same form with present participle, but Gerund has other
meaning, that is verb-ing so it doesn’t mean ‘being’. c.
Gerund is a verb-ing form from a verb which functions as a noun. make verb to be noun.
2.2 The Functions of Gerund