Vitamin K prophylaxis in newborns

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13.5 Kangaroo Mother Care

1. Implementation, scaling up issues 2. Ongoing KMC at home post-discharge, feasibility, how long to continue 3. Efectiveness, feasibility of early community initiation of KMC

13.6 Prevention of hypothermia immediately after birth in VLBW infants

1. he group recommended an RCT of plastic wraps for VLBW babies in district and provincial hospitals in developing country settings

13.7 Management of children with non-severe pneumonia and wheeze

1. Studies on withholding antibiotics in young children with wheeze, no fever and non-severe pneumonia need to be replicated in other settings, including health workers ability to identify these children at very low risk of bacterial infection, and the acceptability of withholding antibiotics 2. Studies testing accuracy of diferent diagnostic algorithms for pneumonia and deinitions of treatment failure

13.8 Antibiotics for severe pneumonia

1. More data is needed to assess appropriate antibiotic therapy of severe pneumonia in high HIV settings 2. More research is needed on ambulatory care for severe pneumoniarequisites for safely treating such children at home or in day clinic settings 3. Research in moderately malnourished children with pneumonia 4. Repeat the clinical trials for treatment outcomes in countries with high Hib and pneumococcal vaccine coverage.

13.9 Antibiotics for very severe pneumonia

1. Data on shits in bacterial patterns due to coverage of H. inluenzae type b and S. pneumococcus vaccines and implications for treatment of pneumonia and antimicrobial resistance 2. Comparison of the recommended treatment injectable ampicillin or penicillin and gentamicin versus injectable cetriaxone 3. What should be second line therapy for children failing on irst line therapy? 4. Impact of improved comprehensive care packages on outcomes for children with very severe pneumonia.

13.10 Treatment of non-severe pneumonia

1. Studies to determine the duration of therapy in settings other than Asia 2. Repeat the clinical trials for treatment outcomes in countries with high Hib and pneumococcal vaccine coverage 3. Research on treatment failure deinition, and choice of second line treatment 4. Research on increasing speciicity of pneumonia diagnosis and aetiology of pneumonia