Modul Guru Pembelajar Bahasa Inggris Kelompok Kompetensi Profesional B
61 http:dictionary.cambridge.orggrammarbritish-grammartags
5. HEADERS AND TAILS
Headers and tails are common in speaking, but very uncommon in writing. We use headers when we place information at the front of what
we say. This can help our listeners to understand more easily what we are referring to. Headers can consist of a noun phrase or noun phrases
or whole clauses. The header is followed by a pronoun underlined in the examples which refers back to the header:
Anna, David’s sister, she’s going to New York for her birthday. That big house, is it where the doctor lives?
Going to football matches, that’s what my cousin Jim likes best.
Tails occur at the end of what we say. They are commonly noun phrases. Tails refer back to a pronoun underlined in the examples, and
commonly give more information about it. Like headers, they help a listener to understand more easily what we are referring to:
They’re not cheap to buy, cars in Singapore. She’s a really good marathon runner, Alice.
Sumber: http:dictionary.cambridge.orggrammarbritish-grammarheaders-and-tails
F. SEMI MODAL
The semi-modal verbs or marginal modals are: dare, need, used to and ought to. They behave similarly to modal verbs but also share some
characteristics with main verbs:
How dare she criticise us?
as a modal verb, the interrogative formed without do
He didnt dare to look back.
as a main verb, followed by a to-infinitive and the negative formed with do
Need you make so much noise? as a modal verb, the interrogative formed without do
62
Modul Guru Pembelajar Bahasa Inggris Kelompok Kompetensi Profesional B
You neednt have been so rude.
as a modal verb, the perfect infinitive used to refer to past time
Do you need to use the hairdryer?
as a main verb, followed by a to-infinitive and the interrogative formed with do
They used to live by the sea.
unlike a modal verb, followed by a to-infinitive
You ought to know that by now.
unlike a modal verb, followed by a to-infinitive Sumber:
http:www.grammaring.comtypes-of-modals
1. USED TO Used to: meaning and form
We use used to when we refer to things in the past which are no longer true. It can refer to repeated actions or to a state or situation:
He used to play football for the local team, but he’s too old now. That white house over there used to belong to my family. It
belonged to my family in the past, but not any more.
WARNING:
In statements, the form used to does not change. We do not use the verb be before it. It always refers to past time:
We used to go to the seaside every summer when I was a kid.
Not: We are used to go … or We use to go … or We were used to
go …
NEGATIVE: DIDN’T USE TO
The negative of used to is most commonly didn’t used to. Sometimes we
write it with a final -d, sometimes not. Both forms are common, but many people consider the form with the final -d to be incorrect, and you should
not use it in exams:
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