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responses toward the question. The main categories were defined in the transcribed data, and then, the data were studied for the purposes of further analysis and categorization.
Main category of the data came from the teacher s’ interviews about the preparation of the
examination and problems that teachers face during the preparation.
Findings and Discussion
This section presents the analysis of the data based on teachers ’ opinion. The description
of the data in this section had been arranged and presented in nine discussions themes. The nine discussions themes were developed based on Hughes 1993 and Bailey 1996
related to the processes of wash-back for teachers which include; what teacher teach, how teacher teach, the intensity of teaching and additional tutorials. The nine subheadings are;
the duration of the preparation, people who involved in the preparation, things being prepared, the reasons why things were prepared, the medium of instruction, skills and
area being focused, other teaching and learning activities, overall difficulties, the preparation.
A. Duration of the preparation
All the teachers agreed that actually, preparation for the National Examination consumed a lot of time. Table 1 below presents their responses to the question;
“Berapa
lamakah waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk
persiapkan ujian nasional?” How long do the schools and the teachers need to prepare for the National Examination?
and “A
pakah menurut Anda dengan waktu yang tersedia itu cukup untuk mempersiapkan semua nya
?” Do you think it is enough to prepare everything?
10
Table 1. Duration of the preparation
Participant Responses
T1 -
in the third grade
-
beginning of the second semester.
-
still not enough
T2 -
three to four months
-
still not enough
T3 -
since grade 10
T4 -
beginning of the semester
-
It is still not enough
In preparing the students to face the National Examination, three teachers said that the preparation started in the beginning of the first semester in the third grade, but more
intensively was when the second semester began, about three to four months before the National Examination. They agreed that the amount of time was too short, they needed
more time. Below are the responses from three teachers;
T1
: “Kalau mulainya sudah pasti
sejak mereka kelas tiga, sejak awal tahun ajaran. Cuma, yang lebih intensif itu sejak masuk semester dua. Saya
rasa ya masih tetep kurang ya. Soalnya kan banyak tuh yang harus disiapkan.
”
The preparation begins when they are in the third grade, but more intensively, it starts in the second semester. I think it is still not enough,
because there are lot things that should be prepared.
11 T2
: “Membutuhkan waktu ya kira
-kira empat bulanan, sebelum ujian nasional. Ya masih kurang, kan ibaratnya kita merangkum dan mereview
materi dari kelas 10 sampai kelas 12.
”
We need about three to four months before the examination. It is still not enough, because it seems that we have to summarize and review all
the materials from the first grade. Both teacher three and teacher four agreed that the preparation actually started
when the students entered the first year of senior year because the materials would be taken from the first year materials. However, the preparation was done more intensively
when the second semester started. Below is the response from the teacher three and teacher four;
T3:
“Di mulai semenjak anak kelas satu ya. Kelas 10 kalau di SMA. Kalau
yang lebih intensif, di kelas 3.
” It actually starts when the students were
in the first year, but more intensively, the preparation starts when they were in the third year
T4
: “Mulai sejak awal semester nanti sampai menjelang ujian nasional. Ya
masih kurang. Karena kita kan begitu kelas 12, itu kan kita harus mengulang materi-materi yang sudah disampaikan dari kelas 10, 11.
”
It starts in the beginning of the semester until the day of the examination. It is still not enough, because we have to review the
material that had been taught in grade 10 and 11.
12
The duration of the preparation referred to the National Examination ’s official
schedule which was in April 2012 http:118.98.223.68dokumenun2012Tanya-jawab- UN-2012.pdf. Moreover, the focus of examination was usually released between the
begining of second semester, so each scholl would only have aproximately five months to prepare everything intensively.
B. People involved in the preparation
