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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS
A. Type of Research
This research was classified as research and development R D. As stated by Gall, Gall, and Borg 2003: 569, R D is a type of research used to
design new products and procedures, which then are systematically field-tested, evaluated, and refined until they meet the specified criteria of effectiveness,
quality, or similar standards. This research focused on developing interactive learning multimedia for
short functional text reading for Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 4 Yogyakarta. The result of this research was a product in the form of interactive multimedia
application. The product was designed particularly for students to be used in their smartphones.
The product served as an alternative source for learning short functional texts and assisting students to help them learn autonomously. It is expected that
the students can learn anytime and anywhere they like so that they could become less dependent on their teacher.
B. Research Subjects
This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 4 Yogyakarta which is located at Jalan Hayam Wuruk 18, Yogyakarta. The subjects of the research were
62 students of Grade VIII A and Grade VIII B of SMP Negeri 4 Yogyakarta.
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C. Research Procedure
This research adapted a model of multimedia instructional design process by Lee and Owens 2004, which generally has the following steps: Analysis,
Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. However, the researcher omitted the implementation step and modified the research steps which is
explained as follows. 1.
Analysis In the analysis stage, the researcher analysed the students as the subjects of
the research and gathered as much information about their needs as possible. The data were collected using needs analysis questionnaire which was explained in
Chapter IV . The gathered data consisted of target needs, learning needs, and
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