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a. The Readability level of reading text of Flesch and Gunning Fox theory
In this section, the researcher elaborates his finding concerning the readability level of reading text based on Flesch and Gunning Fox theory. The samples of
reading texts are taken from the first, third and sixth themes of FEW. Each is summarized as follows:
Themes Number of
sentences Number
of words Average number of
words 1. Government
9 48
5.4 3. Health and
Hospital 9
58 6.4
6. Tourism 12
85 7.1
In more detail, it is explained as follows: The first text which is taken from theme 1 entitled Government. The text is
formed by 9 sentences and 48 words in which the average number of words is 5. 4 per sentences, for example: Indonesia is the biggest archipelago in the world.
The second text which is taken from theme 3 entitled Health and Hospital. This text is formed by 9 sentences and 58 words in which the average number of
words is 6.4 per sentences, for example: Yudi’s hobby is doing sport. The third text which is taken from theme 6 entitled Tourism is formed by 12
sentences and 85 words in which the average number of words is 7.1 per sentences, for example:Bali has many beautiful places.
89 According to Flesch, the readability with the average number of words
between 8 to less than 11 per sentence is classified easy. It is reasonable if the FEW for elementary school students only use simple and short sentences.
In this research finding, the researcher tries also to seek the Fox Index of three samples of texts taken from FEWs. As it is stated in the previous chapter that to find
out the Fox Index, the researcher should add the average number of words with the percentage of difficult words, and multiplying by 0.4 .Here are the results of Fox
Index of every texts: The first text is taken from the first theme entitled The Indonesian
Government. This text consists of 9 sentences and 48 words. From 48 words, there are 11 difficult words—those difficult words are taken by counting the words
consisting of three syllables or more but not to count the words which are proper names, compound words like bookkeeper, butterfly and verb forms made up three
syllables or more because of morphology process like created, trespasses. Those difficult words are: archipelago, republic, president, assistants, ministers, develop,
government, provinces, municipalities, regencies, sub districts. It can be concluded that the percentage of difficult words of this text is 0.23. This text has the average
number of words 5.4. The result of Fox Index is 2.25 The second text which is taken from the third theme is entitled Health and
Hospital. This text consists of 9 sentences and 58 words. From 58 words, there are only 4 difficult words; they are regularly, afternoon, activities, nutritious. It can be
90 concluded that the percentage of difficult words of this text is 0.07 and the average
number of words is 6.4. So, the result of Fox Index is 2.56 The third text which is taken from the sixth theme is entitled Tourism. This
text consists of 12 sentences and 85 words. From 85 words, there are 6 difficult words; they are beautiful, interesting, example, recreation, activities, underwater. It
can be concluded that the percentage of difficult words is 0.07 and the average number of words is 7.1. So, the result of Fox Index is 2.87
Sakri in Handayani 2005:65 stated that Fox index which stretches from 5 to 17 as the danger limit. Even, Gunning in Handayani mentioned that the American
magazines with Fox Index more than 12 had been bankrupt in 1 year’s period ibid. From this point of view, it can be concluded that FEW for sixth grade, second
semester, and academic year 20072008 can be comprehended well by the young students.
b. The Readability level of reading text based on cloze test procedure
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