The lecturers Research Benefits

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter consists of two sections. The first section is the presentation of the theoretical description, which includes the theory of perception, Microteaching, and feedback. The second section is the presentation of the theoretical framework.

A. Theoretical Description

In this section, some theories about perception, feedback, and Microteaching are presented.

1. Perception

a. Definition of perception

Definition of perception is important to be discussed in this study since this study deals with the students’ perception. In this section, the researcher will discuss not only about the definition of perception but also the related theory on perception. There are so many definitions of perception. According to Gibson, Donnelly, and Ivancevich 1985: 65, perception is the process that includes cognitive domain when an individual values what he or she sees from their surroundings. They explain that perception is formed based on some factors. Therefore, each person may have different perception because he or she has different point of view in seeing something. Altman, Valenzi, and Hodgetts 1985: 85 convey another definition, they state perception as the process in which people 11 selected and grouped stimuli, so that the stimuli can be interpreted meaningfully. Similar to the definition of Altman et al. 1985, George and Jones 2005 : 105 define perception as the process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret the input from their senses vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste to give meaning and order to the world around them. According to George and Jones 2005: 105, there are at least three components in the process of forming perception, namely: the perceiver the person who tries to interpret some observation that he or she has just made or the input from his or her sense, the target of perception whatever the perceiver is trying to make sense of, and the last is the situation the context in which perception takes place. From those definitions, it can be concluded that each person has his or her own perception toward something because the factors that influence the perception may be different for each person. “Each person gives his or her own meaning to stimuli; different individuals will “see” the same thing in different ways” Gibson et al., 1985: 60. In this study, perception refers to the way the students see, feel, and think about the use of peer feedback in Microteaching class.

b. The Perceptual Process

As stated previously, each person will see the same thing or object differently. It depends on how they organize the stimuli they have received. There are some aspects in the process of forming a perception, namely receiving stimuli, organizing the stimuli, and translating or interpreting the organized stimuli Gibson, et al., 1985:61.