2. Kinds of Reading
Nuttal describes reading into two approaches, they are
8
: a. Intensive Reading
Intensive reading involves approaching in text under the close guidance of teacher or under the guidance of a task, which force the students to pay
great attention to the text.
9
The aim of intensive reading is to arrive at a profound and detailed understanding of the text: not only of what it means,
but also how the meaning is produced. For example, students read a text and spending an hour to analyze grammar point and difficult vocabularies.
In this activity, the teacher and the students work together to explain the meaning of the text and to analyze words and grammatical, sentence by
sentence.
10
b. Extensive Reading Extensive reading on the other side is reading program that will actively
promote reading out class.
11
This activity is reading a longer text and skipping or guessing unknown words. It carries out to achieve a general
understanding of a text.
12
For example, students read a book, such as novel, fairy tales, biographic or essays based on their interest and their level, and
spending an hour for reading whole text book. Extensive reading can make students enjoy in reading.
13
In the other hand, Broughton et al. identifies kinds of reading, such as: a. Reading Aloud
The most important characteristic in reading aloud is oral matter, including pronunciation, tone, speed, and pauses. Other activity that
improved in reading aloud is conversation. Few people are required to read
8
Christine Nuttal, Ibid., pp. 38 —39.
9
Christine Nuttal, Ibid, p. 38.
10
I. S. P. Nation, Teaching ESlEFL Reading and Writing, New York: Routledge, 2009, p. 25.
11
Christine Nuttal, loc. cit., p. 39.
12
Francoise Grellet, Developing Reading Skills. A Practical Guide to Reading Comprehension Exercise, Cambridge: Cambridge university Press, 1986, p. 4.
13
I. S. P. Nation, loc. cit., p. 27.
aloud as matter of daily routine, radio newscasters, clergymen, and even actor.
b. Silent Reading The aim of silent reading is understanding. While doing silent reading,
there is no oral expression. In silent reading, we use our ability to understand the meaning of the written sign.
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3. Purposes of Reading
When people read something, they have their own purpose. For example when they read a newspaper the purpose is to get information. When they read
a comic the purpose is to get the pleasure. As stated by Aeberson, people read because they have a purpose.
15
Some people read the text because their
purposes want to find the information of the text.
Some linguists have explanation about the purpose of reading. According to Nuttall, the main purpose of reading is to get the meaning or the
message from a text.
16
In reading activity the readers have a major purpose to get the information of the text. Another idea stated that, generally the mainly
purpose of reading is to get new information and pleasure.
17
Based on McDonough Shaw at the previous, reading activities is not merely get the
point of the text but also provide fun. The readers’ purpose may want to gain meaning and pleasure.
In addition, Williams 1984 usefully classifies reading into:
a. Getting general information from the text b. Getting specific information from a text
c. For pleasure or for interest
18
14
Geofrey Broughton, et al., Teaching English as a Foreign Language, New York: Taylor Francais e-Library, 2003, pp. 91
—92.
15
Aebersold and Field, loc. cit., p. 15.
16
Nuttal, op. cit., p. 4.
17
McDonough and Shaw, op. cit., pp. 91 —92.
18
Ibid., p. 90.
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