A and Class VIII-B. The writer found those classes is low in grammar especially in degrees of comparison of adjective. So she used these two classes
for the research because she found the problem in their grammar. Both of the classes used grammar translation method for language teaching and learning. In
the research the writer used VIII-A for experimental class using pictures in reinforcing degrees of comparison of adjective and VIII-B for controlled class
using grammar translation method.
4. Research Method
This is an experimental research investigating the use of picture in reinforcing degrees of comparison of adjective of second grade students of Mts
Al-Falah . The experimental method differs from the naturalistic method because the essence of the experimental method is use of control and
manipulation of variables. The group in which the variable is manipulated is called the experimental group. In this case, the experimental group is to teach
degrees of comparison of adjective by using pictures, while, the controlled group does not use pictures during teaching-learning process. The controlled
group serves as a standard for judging the effect of a manipulation you will introduce in the experimental group.
Suppose that for the experimental group we now introduce a change in one of the variables. The variable that is changed is teaching using pictures. The
researcher wants to find out the result of this change of variable compared to the usual method of teaching teaching without using pictures.
5. Instrument of the Research
The instrument of this research is structure test which is developed by herself. The material of the test was taken from students hand book and other
book about degrees of comparison of adjective. The test consist of 30 thirty questions. Multiple choice consist of 15 items from number 1 to number 15.
The score per items is 2. It means if students can choose the answer of 1 item correctly, they will get 2 score and if they can choose the answer of 15 items
correctly, they will get 30 scores. Fill in the blank test consist of 10 items from number 16 to number 25. It‟s
score per item is 5. It means if students can choose the answer of 1 item correctly, they will get 5 score and if they can choose the answer of 10 items
correctly, they will get 50 scores. Matching test consist of 5 items from number 26 to number 30. It‟s score
per item is 4. It means if students can choose the answer of 1 item correctly, they will get 4 score and if they can choose the answer of 5 items correctly, they
will get 20 scores. From the description of each test from above, we can see that the high score
of this test is 100 scores.
6. Technique of Analyzing Data
To analyze the data, the writer uses the comparative technique. She compares the score between experimental class and controlled class. This
technique is useful to prove statistically whether there is any effectiveness between two variables, in case between using pictures in reinforcing degrees of
comparison of adjective and without using pictures. To measure the effectiveness she uses the gain score of experimental and controlled class.
To know the score, the writer used t-test formula as below:
Where: t
= t observation M
x
= Mean of Variable X Variable I M
y
= Mean of Variable Y Variable II
my mx
y x
o
SE M
M t
SE
Mx
= Standard Error of Mean Variable X SE
M
y
=
Standard Error of Mean Variable Y
32
The procedure of calculation as follow: a. Determining mean variable X Variable I with formula:
b. Determining mean variable Y Variable II with formula:
c. Determining derivations standard 1 with formula:
d. Determining derivations standard 2 with formula:
e. Determining standard errors mean variable 1 with formula:
f. Determining standard errors mean variable 2 with formula:
g. Determining the differences of mean variable 1 and mean variable 2 with formula:
32
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2004, p.284
N X
M
x
N Y
M
y
N X
SD
x 2
N Y
SD
y 2
1
N
SD SE
x mx
1
N
SD SE
y my
2 2
my mx
my mx
SE SE
SE
h. Determining t
o
with formula:
i. Determining the degrees of freedom with formula:
M : The average of score X : Experimental Class
Y : Controlled Class N : Total of Student
df : Degree of freedom
B. Research Findings
