Operational aspects Operational aspects Operational aspects Operational aspects Operational aspects Operational aspects Leachate Leachate

18 18 45 45 20.3 Operational aspects 20.3 Operational aspects Daily cover Daily cover  Reduces attraction of birds and rodents Reduces attraction of birds and rodents  Reduces suitable habitat for vermin and flies Reduces suitable habitat for vermin and flies  Provides better surface for vehicles Provides better surface for vehicles  Reduces exposure to atmospheric conditions Reduces exposure to atmospheric conditions  Reduces wind-blown litter Reduces wind-blown litter  Reduces direct infiltration of water into the waste Reduces direct infiltration of water into the waste 19 19 45 45 20.3 Operational aspects 20.3 Operational aspects Daily cover Daily cover 20 20 45 45 20.3 Operational aspects 20.3 Operational aspects Planning supply of cover material Planning supply of cover material  Rarely a site can supply all soil material required for bunds, Rarely a site can supply all soil material required for bunds, daily, temporary and final cover: check what is available daily, temporary and final cover: check what is available  Some waste materials contaminated soil, ashes, construction Some waste materials contaminated soil, ashes, construction and demolition waste is suitable for daily cover: plan provisions and demolition waste is suitable for daily cover: plan provisions for temporary storage for temporary storage  In case of deficit: plan a “borrow area” In case of deficit: plan a “borrow area” 21 21 45 45 20.4 Leachate 20.4 Leachate Groundwater polution Groundwater polution  … … is one of the major concerns in landfill design is one of the major concerns in landfill design  … … is caused by leachate entering the subsoil is caused by leachate entering the subsoil  Quantity and quality of leachate depend upon local Quantity and quality of leachate depend upon local climate, nature of wastes, and measures to prevent entry climate, nature of wastes, and measures to prevent entry of rain into the waste of rain into the waste 22 22 45 45 20.4 Leachate 20.4 Leachate