Verb plus Verbal Noun Collocation

22 7. The effects of the intrinsic difficulty of the particular item being learned Richards and Sampson, 1977: 4.

2. Verb plus Verbal Noun Collocation

In this thesis, the writer analyzes verb plus verbal noun collocation. This type of collocation was introduced by Newmark. He states that the verb is the collocation for which the translator must find the appropriate corresponding. The verbs in these collocations merely have an operative function means do and no particular meaning since the action is expressed in the noun. For example are pay attention, suffer a defeat, run a meeting, make a speech, etc Newmark, 1981: 114. Verbal noun in this collocation based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary means noun derived from the verb. Based on Cambridge Advanced Lerner’s Dictionary, verbal noun means something that relates to words. Besides, Newmark affirms that the meaning of verb plus verbal noun collocation is expressed in the noun and the verb itself has implicit operative function means do. Therefore, the meaning of the verb plus verbal noun collocation is expressed by the noun. According to Moehkardi 2002, verb plus verbal noun collocation belongs to a lexical collocation. For example is in the lexical collocation collect stamps. It can be collect foreign stamps as cited by Moehkardi from Greenbaum, 1970. There are some verb plus verbal noun collocation used in the test as the instrument. They are separated into two kinds, fixed and loose collocation. Fixed 23 means idiomatic and it sounds naturally English. Besides, loose means it does not sound naturally English or it is translated from word to word Nattinger and DeCarrico, 1992 as quoted by Moehkardi, 2002. Some books and dictionaries related to verb plus verbal noun collocation are used in separating those collocations into fixed and loose collocation. Some kinds of collocation taken from Oxford Collocation Dictionary are shown as follows. Table 2.2: Fixed and Loose Verb plus Verbal noun collocation No. Bahasa Indonesia Fixed Verb plus Verbal Noun Collocation Loose Verb plus Verbal Noun Collocation 1. Memberi penghargaan Pay a respect Give a reward Give an award Give an appreciation Show respect Grant an award 2. Memberi pidato Deliver a speech Make a speech Read a speech Give a speech 3. Membatalkan janji Break a promise Cancel a promise Break a appointment Cancel an appointment 4. Melemparkan pertanyaan Address a question Throw a question Ask a question Give a question 5. Melemparkan ciuman Blow a kiss Plant a kiss Lay a kiss Throw a kiss Give a kiss 6. Menarik perhatian Draw attention Grab attention Call attention Attract attention Catch attention 7. Mengadakan kunjungan Pay a visit Make a visit Take a visit Give a visit Have a visit Arrange a visit Organize a visit Conduct a visit 8. Menyampaikan berita Deliver news Convey news Report news Inform news Presents news Broadcast news Read news Tell news Continued to page 24 24 9. Membawa kesengsaraan Bring povertymisery suffering Give povertymisery suffering Cause povertymisery suffering Create povertymisery suffering 10. Memupuskan rencana Cancel a plan Drop a plan Break a plan Eliminate a plan 11. Menjalankan bisnis Run a business Handle a business Do a business Conduct a business Operate a business Manage a business 12. Memenuhi kebutuhan Meet the needs Supply the needs Serve the needs Ful fill the needs Satisfy the needs 13. Menderita kekalahan Suffer a defeat Experience a defeat Get loss 14. Melahirkan bayi Deliver a baby Give birth to a baby Have born to a baby 15. Melambaikan salam perpisahan Wave goodbye Say goodbye Give goodbye Wave hand

3. Collocation in Translation