Subject Matter Approaches METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes four sections, namely subject matter, approaches, data collection, and procedures. The subject matter deals with the major subject of the study. The approaches concern with the literary approaches that I used to analyze the novel. Data collection deals with the sources that I used in analyzing the study. Finally, the procedures concern with the steps used in completing the study.

A. Subject Matter

The object of this study is the novel, Animal Farm, by George Orwell. George Orwell was born in India in 1903 and educated from Eton. George Orwell’s Animal Farm was first published by Harcourt, Inc in New York, United States in 1945. This novel consists of 84 pages with 10 chapters. The novel tells about the revolution that created by the animals in Mr. Jones’ Manor Farm that fight against the “slavery of animals under human beings” and transform Manor Farm into Animal Farm. Freed from the “slavery”, the animals build on the slogan that All Animals Are Created Equal. Because of their cleverness, the pigs Snowball and Napoleon emerge as the leader of the new community that was very prosperous at first and then change to disaster after Napoleon betray Snowball and become the sole leader of the farm and lead the animals arbitrarily full with his fake words. The climax is the brutal betrayal to the faithful horse Boxer and the 19 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI founding of the new slogan: “All Animals Are Created Equal, But Some Animals Are More Equal Than Others”. That some animals are pigs, those try to behave as human beings as well as try to walk with their hind legs and wearing clothes. At the end Napoleon change the name Animal Farm back into Manor Farm and the life of the animals become worse than in the past, when Jones was still the master of the farm. The setting of the story is in England. Actually the novel is a criticism to the events of Bolshevik Revolution in Russia 1917 - 1944.

B. Approaches

This study focuses on the characterization of the last leader of Animal Farm, Napoleon who leads the Animal Farm cruelly. I think that the psychology of Napoleon is interesting because there must be some reasons for Napoleon in doing all of his actions in the farm. In order to reveal the character of Napoleon and his motivation in doing his actions, I use the psychological approach and also the Theory of Psychology especially the Theory of Motivation. In addition I use also the Theory of Character and Characterization. I use the Theory of Psychology since it can help me in analysing human motivation, personality and also behaviour patterns which all of them is related to psychology field. In this study, it is to find out any reasons for Napoleon in doing all his actions such as seize the leader position from Snowball, lead the farm cruelly and so on. The psychological approach is the most appropriate way to know the personality and behaviour of the main character is based on the personality theory. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Using those approaches, the analysis of Napoleon’s characteristics in this novel will be done effectively.

C. Procedures